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Herpesvirus infection in man.

H Zachariae

    Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases. Supplementum
    |January 1, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary

    Human herpesvirus infections are common worldwide, often latent after childhood primary infection. Reactivation causes most clinical issues, particularly in immunocompromised individuals and pregnant women, with links to certain cancers.

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    Area of Science:

    • Virology
    • Infectious Diseases
    • Oncology

    Background:

    • Human herpesviruses (e.g., HSV-1, HSV-2, VZV, CMV, EBV) are ubiquitous globally.
    • Primary infections typically occur in childhood, with viruses establishing lifelong latency.
    • Most clinical manifestations arise from the reactivation of latent infections.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review common clinical manifestations of human herpesvirus infections.
    • To highlight the significance of latent herpesvirus reactivation.
    • To discuss potential links between herpesviruses and cancer.

    Main Methods:

    • Literature review of common clinical presentations of human herpesvirus infections.
    • Analysis of reactivation patterns and associated conditions.
    • Examination of epidemiological data and proposed etiological roles in oncogenesis.

    Main Results:

    • Herpes simplex virus (HSV) causes recurrent lesions; varicella-zoster virus (VZV) leads to zoster and neuralgia.
    • Cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infections pose risks, especially in immunocompromised individuals and neonates.
    • Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) is linked to cervical cancer; EBV is associated with Burkitt's lymphoma.

    Conclusions:

    • Latent herpesvirus reactivation is the primary cause of significant clinical disease.
    • Herpesvirus infections during pregnancy can lead to severe neonatal complications.
    • Further research is warranted into the oncogenic potential of specific herpesviruses, particularly HSV-2 and EBV.

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