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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 7, 2026

High-frequency Ultrasound Imaging of Mouse Cervical Lymph Nodes

High-frequency Ultrasound Imaging of Mouse Cervical Lymph Nodes

Published on: July 25, 2015

A human immune system mouse model with robust lymph node development.

Yan Li^1,2, Guillemette Masse-Ranson^1,2,3, Zacarias Garcia^2,4

¹Innate Immunity Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.

|August 2, 2018

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a new mouse model with functional lymph nodes (LNs) by inducing thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP). This model enhances human immune system (HIS) studies, revealing LNs as key sites for HIV infection and latency.

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Published on: May 18, 2016

Area of Science:

Immunology
Infectious Disease Research
Animal Models

Background:

Human immune system (HIS) mice lack secondary lymphoid tissues (SLTs), limiting their utility for studying human immune responses.
Lymphoid tissue inducer cells, dependent on Il2rg, are crucial for SLT development.
Existing HIS models require enhancement to fully recapitulate human immune system architecture and function.

Purpose of the Study:

To restore lymph node (LN) development in a humanized mouse model.
To investigate the impact of SLT development on human immune responses.
To establish a novel HIS mouse model for studying HIV infection and latency.

Main Methods:

Induced thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) expression in Balb/c Rag2^-/-Il2rg^-/-Sirpa^NOD (BRGS) HIS mice, creating BRGST HIS mice.
Analyzed LN development, cellular composition (B cells, T cells, follicular helper T cells), and thymus size.
Assessed antigen-specific immune responses and investigated HIV infection dynamics within the developed LNs.

Main Results:

BRGST HIS mice developed a complete set of LNs with compartmentalized human B and T cells.
These mice exhibited larger thymuses, more mature B cells, and increased IL-21-producing follicular helper T (T_FH) cells compared to BRGS mice.
BRGST HIS mice demonstrated enhanced antigen-specific responses and revealed LN T_FH cells as targets and reservoirs for HIV.

Conclusions:

Inducing TSLP effectively restores LN development in HIS mice, creating the BRGST HIS model.
The BRGST HIS model accurately reflects the influence of SLT development on human immune responses.
This model serves as a valuable tool for visualizing and studying immune regulators and HIV pathogenesis.