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Summary

Hybrid passive brain-computer interfaces (pBCIs) using dynamic thresholding did not improve Tetris game experience or performance. The adaptive systems led to more negative affect compared to the control condition.

Keywords:
BCIEEGdynamic adaptationhBCIhybrid brain computer interfacepBCIpassive brain computer interfacetetris

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Human-Computer Interaction
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Passive Brain-Computer Interfaces (pBCIs) typically use static system parameters, failing to adapt to user changes like fatigue.
  • Adaptive systems aim to enhance user experience by adjusting to neurophysiological signals.
  • Hybrid pBCIs integrate multiple signals for more robust adaptation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if a hybrid pBCI with dynamic thresholding improves game experience and performance.
  • To compare a dual-signal adaptive system against a single-signal adaptive system and a non-adaptive control.
  • To explore the impact of adaptive neurophysiological feedback on user affect and performance in a gaming context.

Main Methods:

  • A within-subject experiment with 16 participants playing Tetris under three conditions: control, single-signal adaptive, and dual-signal adaptive (EEG and facial expression analysis).
  • Dynamic thresholding was implemented in the proposed hybrid pBCI system.
  • Game performance and subjective experience (affect) were measured across conditions.

Main Results:

  • Contrary to hypotheses, adaptive systems did not enhance perceived game experience or objective performance.
  • Participants reported more negative affect in the hybrid pBCI conditions compared to the control.
  • The proposed adaptive system did not improve players' perceived experience or objective performance.

Conclusions:

  • The adaptive hybrid pBCI system, using dynamic thresholding with EEG and facial expression analysis, did not yield expected improvements.
  • The study highlights challenges in designing effective adaptive pBCIs that genuinely enhance user experience.
  • Findings provide insights for future hybrid passive BCI development, emphasizing the need for careful consideration of user affect and adaptation strategies.