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Microbiome and Allergic Diseases.

Mariona Pascal1, Marina Perez-Gordo2,3, Teresa Caballero4

  • 1Immunology Department, Centro de Diagnóstico Biomédico, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona, ARADyAL, Barcelona, Spain.

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The microbiome significantly influences allergic diseases by modulating immune responses. Interventions like probiotics may offer new therapeutic strategies for allergies by restoring microbiome balance.

Keywords:
allergic diseasesallergymicrobiomemicrobiotaprebioticsprobioticssynbiotics

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Microbiology
  • Allergy Research

Background:

  • Allergic diseases (respiratory, skin, food) have increased.
  • The microbiome plays a key role in immune system modulation.
  • Environmental and dietary factors impact the microbiome.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Review the role of skin, respiratory, and gut microbiomes in allergic diseases.
  • Explore the microbiome as a therapeutic target for allergies.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on microbiome and allergic diseases.
  • Analysis of microbiome's influence on immune responses (Th1, Th2, Th17).

Main Results:

  • Microbiome dysbiosis is linked to gut, skin, and lung inflammation.
  • Gut microbiome balances effector/tolerant immune responses.
  • Lung microbiome influences asthma endotypes.
  • Skin microbiome alterations correlate with dermatitis and psoriasis.

Conclusions:

  • The microbiome is a potential therapeutic target for allergic and inflammatory diseases.
  • Probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics show promise for allergy prevention and treatment.
  • Microbiome restoration may aid in specific immunotherapy.