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Related Concept Videos

What is Gene Expression?01:42

What is Gene Expression?

196.9K
Overview
Gene expression is the process in which DNA directs the synthesis of functional products, that is, proteins. Cells can regulate gene expression at various stages. It allows organisms to generate different cell types and enables cells to adapt to internal and external factors.
Genetic Information Flows from DNA to RNA to Protein
A gene is a stretch of DNA that serves as the blueprint for functional RNAs and proteins. Since DNA is made up of nucleotides and proteins consist of amino...
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What is Gene Expression?01:36

What is Gene Expression?

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A gene is a stretch of DNA that serves as the blueprint for functional RNAs and proteins. Since DNA is comprised  of nucleotides and proteins are comprised of amino acids, a mediator is required to convert the information encoded in DNA into proteins. This mediator is the messenger RNA (mRNA). mRNA copies the blueprint from DNA by a process called transcription. In eukaryotes, transcription occurs in the nucleus by complementary base-pairing with the DNA template. The mRNA is then...
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Cell Specific Gene Expression01:58

Cell Specific Gene Expression

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Multicellular organisms contain a variety of structurally and functionally distinct cell types, but the DNA in all the cells originated from the same parent cells. The differences in the cells can be attributed to the differential gene expression. Liver cells, whose functions include detoxification of blood, production of bile to metabolize fats, and synthesis of proteins essential for metabolism, must express a specific set of genes to perform their functions. Gene expression also varies with...
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Cell Specific Gene Expression01:58

Cell Specific Gene Expression

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Chromatin Position Affects Gene Expression02:35

Chromatin Position Affects Gene Expression

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Chromatin is the massive complex of DNA and proteins packaged inside the nucleus. The complexity of chromatin folding and how it is packaged inside the nucleus greatly influences  access to genetic information. Generally, the nucleus' periphery is considered transcriptionally repressive, while the cell's interior is considered a transcriptionally active area. 
Topologically Associated Domains (TADs)
The 3-dimensional positioning of chromatin in the nucleus influences the...
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mRNA Stability and Gene Expression02:51

mRNA Stability and Gene Expression

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The structure and stability of mRNA molecules regulates gene expression, as mRNAs are a key step in the pathway from gene to protein. In eukaryotes, the half-life of mRNA varies from a few minutes up to several days. mRNA stability is essential in growth and development. The absence of the proteins regulating its stability, such as tristetraprolin in mice, can cause systemic issues, including bone marrow overgrowth, inflammation, and autoimmunity.
Cis-acting Elements involved in mRNA stability
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RNA-Seq Analysis of Differential Gene Expression in Electroporated Chick Embryonic Spinal Cord
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Transcriptomic analysis reveals differentially expressed genes associated with wool length in rabbit.

B Zhao1, Y Chen1, Y Hao2

  • 1College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, 225009, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.

Animal Genetics
|August 2, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Genetic analysis reveals key genes and pathways regulating rabbit wool length. This study identified differentially expressed genes, including FGF5, WNT5A, BMP4, and BMP7, offering insights into wool growth mechanisms.

Keywords:
Oryctolagus cuniculuscandidate genehair follicle developmenttranscriptome

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Area of Science:

  • Animal Genetics
  • Molecular Biology
  • Transcriptomics

Background:

  • Rabbit fur characteristics, specifically wool length, are genetically controlled.
  • Significant differences in wool length exist between Wanxi Angora (long wool) and Rex (short wool) rabbit breeds.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying rabbit wool length determination.
  • To identify key regulatory genes and signaling pathways involved in wool growth.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized Illumina high-throughput sequencing to analyze gene expression in rabbit skin tissues.
  • Compared gene expression profiles between long-wool and short-wool rabbits.
  • Annotated differentially expressed genes using Gene Ontology (GO) terms and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways.
  • Validated expression levels of selected genes using Reverse Transcription quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-qPCR).

Main Results:

  • Identified 798 up-regulated and 523 down-regulated genes in the long-wool group compared to the short-wool group.
  • Highlighted the involvement of Wnt, Hedgehog, and TGF-β signaling pathways in wool development.
  • Confirmed significant differential expression of FGF5, WNT5A, BMP4, and BMP7 between the two groups.

Conclusions:

  • Transcriptomic profiling provides comprehensive gene expression data for understanding rabbit wool growth.
  • Identified specific genes and pathways crucial for regulating wool length in rabbits.
  • Findings contribute to potential strategies for improving rabbit wool characteristics.