Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 7, 2026

Electromechanical Assessment of Optogenetically Modulated Cardiomyocyte Activity
Published on: March 5, 2020
Active synchronization and modulation of fiber lasers with a graphene electro-optic modulator
Abstract:
We report the synchronization of two actively Q-switched fiber lasers operating at 1.5 μm and 2 μm with a shared broadband graphene electro-optic modulator. Two graphene monolayer sheets separated with a high-kHfO2 dielectric layer are configured to enable broadband light modulation. The graphene electro-optic modulator is shared by two optical fiber laser cavities (i.e., an erbium-doped fiber laser cavity and a thulium/holmium-codoped fiber laser cavity) to actively Q-switch the two lasers, resulting in stable synchronized pulses at 1.5 μm and 2 μm with a repetition rate ranging from 46 kHz to 56 kHz.
Related Concept Videos
Electro-mechanical Systems
A key component of the DC motor is the armature, a rotating circuit positioned within a magnetic field. As an electric current passes through the...
Antiepileptic Drugs: Modulators of Neurotransmitter Release Mediated by SV2A Protein
SV2A is a transmembrane glycoprotein located predominantly in the brain, modulating the release of neurotransmitters for neuronal communication. Both levetiracetam and brivaracetam exhibit a high affinity for...
Properties of Enantiomers and Optical Activity
Classification of Skeletal Muscle Fibers
Slow-Twitch Muscle Fibers
Slow oxidative, muscle fibers appear red due to large numbers of capillaries and high levels of...
Simplified Synchronous Machine Model
In this model, each generator is connected to a...
Three-Phase Short Circuit—Unloaded Synchronous Machine
This behavior occurs due to the magnetic flux produced by the short-circuit armature currents. Initially, these currents follow high-reluctance paths but eventually shift to...

