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Related Concept Videos

Ionic Radii03:10

Ionic Radii

33.6K
Ionic radius is the measure used to describe the size of an ion. A cation always has fewer electrons and the same number of protons as the parent atom; it is smaller than the atom from which it is derived. For example, the covalent radius of an aluminum atom (1s22s22p63s23p1) is 118 pm, whereas the ionic radius of an Al3+ (1s22s22p6) is 68 pm. As electrons are removed from the outer valence shell, the remaining core electrons occupying smaller shells experience a greater effective nuclear...
33.6K
Ionic Bonds00:42

Ionic Bonds

131.1K
Overview
When atoms gain or lose electrons to achieve a more stable electron configuration they form ions. Ionic bonds are electrostatic attractions between ions with opposite charges. Ionic compounds are rigid and brittle when solid and may dissociate into their constituent ions in water. Covalent compounds, by contrast, remain intact unless a chemical reaction breaks them.
Opposing Charges Hold Ions Together in Ionic Compounds
Ionic bonds are reversible electrostatic interactions between ions...
131.1K
Molecular and Ionic Solids02:54

Molecular and Ionic Solids

20.2K
Crystalline solids are divided into four types: molecular, ionic, metallic, and covalent network based on the type of constituent units and their interparticle interactions.
Molecular Solids
Molecular crystalline solids, such as ice, sucrose (table sugar), and iodine, are solids that are composed of neutral molecules as their constituent units. These molecules are held together by weak intermolecular forces such as London dispersion forces, dipole-dipole interactions, or hydrogen bonds, which...
20.2K
Solubility of Ionic Compounds02:55

Solubility of Ionic Compounds

68.3K
Solubility is the measure of the maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved in a given quantity of solvent at a given temperature and pressure. Solubility is usually measured in molarity (M) or moles per liter (mol/L). A compound is termed soluble if it dissolves in water.
68.3K
Ionic Crystal Structures02:42

Ionic Crystal Structures

17.1K
Ionic crystals consist of two or more different kinds of ions that usually have different sizes. The packing of these ions into a crystal structure is more complex than the packing of metal atoms that are the same size.
Most monatomic ions behave as charged spheres, and their attraction for ions of opposite charge is the same in every direction. Consequently, stable structures for ionic compounds result (1) when ions of one charge are surrounded by as many ions as possible of the opposite...
17.1K
Ionic Compounds: Formulas and Nomenclature03:34

Ionic Compounds: Formulas and Nomenclature

87.8K
An element composed of atoms that readily lose electrons (a metal) can react with an element composed of atoms that readily gain electrons (a nonmetal) to produce ions through complete electron transfer. The compound formed by this transfer is stabilized by the electrostatic attractions (ionic bonds) between the oppositely charged ions.
87.8K

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Updated: Feb 7, 2026

Pretreatment of Lignocellulosic Biomass with Low-cost Ionic Liquids
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Pretreatment of Lignocellulosic Biomass with Low-cost Ionic Liquids

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Ionic liquids make DNA rigid.

Ashok Garai1, Debostuti Ghoshdastidar2, Sanjib Senapati2

  • 1Department of Physics, Centre for Condensed Matter Theory, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India.

The Journal of Chemical Physics
|August 3, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Ionic liquids (ILs) surprisingly increase double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) persistence length with concentration, unlike salts. This finding offers insights into DNA mechanical properties and stability for storage.

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Area of Science:

  • Biophysics
  • Materials Science
  • Computational Chemistry

Background:

  • The persistence length of double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) typically decreases with rising ionic concentration.
  • Understanding DNA's mechanical properties is crucial for its stability and applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of ionic liquid (IL) concentration on dsDNA mechanical properties.
  • To systematically determine how hydrated ILs influence dsDNA persistence length and stretch modulus.

Main Methods:

  • All-atom explicit solvent molecular dynamics simulations.
  • Theoretical modeling to analyze mechanical properties.
  • Testing dsDNA in various hydrated IL concentrations (50 wt% and 80 wt%).

Main Results:

  • dsDNA persistence length and stretch modulus increase with IL concentration, contrary to salt behavior.
  • Lower persistence length and modulus observed in 50 wt% ILs compared to 80 wt% ILs.
  • Observed trends align with macroscopic elastic theory predictions.

Conclusions:

  • Ionic liquids exhibit a unique effect on dsDNA mechanical properties, increasing stiffness with concentration.
  • ILs show potential for stabilizing DNA during long-term storage.
  • This study provides a foundation for selecting ILs for DNA preservation.