Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 7, 2026

High-Speed Human Temporal Bone Sectioning for the Assessment of COVID-19-Associated Middle Ear Pathology
03:42

High-Speed Human Temporal Bone Sectioning for the Assessment of COVID-19-Associated Middle Ear Pathology

Published on: May 18, 2022

2.7K

Idiopathic, Infectious and Reactive Lesions of the Ear and Temporal Bone

Kelly R Magliocca1, Esther X Vivas2, Christopher C Griffith3

  • 1Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine, Emory University, 550 Peachtree St. NE, Atlanta, GA, 30308, USA. kmagliocca@emory.edu.

Head and Neck Pathology
|August 3, 2018
PubMed

Insights

This review classifies external and middle ear infections, including rare forms like eosinophilic otitis media. It details microscopic findings for various ear conditions and fungal infections, such as Candida auris.

Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Pathology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Otologic tissues are susceptible to diverse lesions, including infectious, inflammatory, and idiopathic types.
  • Many otologic conditions present with overlapping clinical and microscopic features, complicating diagnosis.
  • Accurate classification and understanding of these lesions are crucial for effective patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a structured classification of otitis externa and otitis media.
  • To describe the microscopic findings of a wide range of otopathologic conditions.
  • To review fungal infections of the ear, including emerging pathogens like Candida auris.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of existing research on otologic pathologies.
  • Classification of otitis externa and otitis media based on current understanding.
  • Detailed description of microscopic features for various ear conditions.

Main Results:

  • A working classification for otitis externa and otitis media is proposed.
  • Two distinct entities, eosinophilic otitis media and otitis media with ANCA-associated vasculitis, are included.
  • Microscopic findings for post-inflammatory conditions, foreign body reactions, and fungal diseases are presented.

Conclusions:

  • Comprehensive classification aids in differentiating complex otologic conditions.
  • Understanding microscopic features is key to diagnosing diverse otopathologies.
  • Awareness of emerging fungal threats like Candida auris is essential for otologic practice.
Keywords:
Aural polypMyospherulosisOtitis externaOtitis mediaOtomycosisTympanosclerosis

More Related Videos

Extracting the Cochlea from a Human Temporal Bone: A Cadaveric Protocol06:42

Extracting the Cochlea from a Human Temporal Bone: A Cadaveric Protocol

Published on: August 18, 2023

2.0K
Stereotactically-guided Ablation of the Rat Auditory Cortex, and Localization of the Lesion in the Brain09:29

Stereotactically-guided Ablation of the Rat Auditory Cortex, and Localization of the Lesion in the Brain

Published on: October 11, 2017

12.2K

Related Concept Videos

Anatomy of the Ear01:16

Anatomy of the Ear

Auditory sensation, commonly called hearing, involves the transformation of sonic waves into neural impulses facilitated by the structures of the auditory organ. The prominent, flesh-like structure on the side of the head, called the auricle, directs sound waves towards the auditory canal. The auricle is often mislabeled as the pinna, a term more aligned with mobile structures like a feline's external ear. The auditory canal penetrates the cranium via the external auditory meatus of the...
11.8K
Cross-reactivity00:42

Cross-reactivity

Overview
33.1K
Reactivity of Enols01:18

Reactivity of Enols

Enols are a class of compounds where a hydroxyl group is attached to a carbon–carbon double bond, which implies that it is a vinyl alcohol. A carbonyl compound with an α hydrogen undergoes keto–enol tautomerism and remains in equilibrium with its tautomer, the enol form. Usually, the keto tautomer is present in a higher concentration than the enol tautomer due to the higher bond energy of C=O compared to C=C. Moreover, the direction of the keto–enol equilibrium is...
4.1K
Reactivity of Enolate Ions01:23

Reactivity of Enolate Ions

Enolate ions are formed by the acid–base reaction of a carbonyl compound with a base. This leads to deprotonation of the α hydrogen atom, leading to a resonance-stabilized enolate ion where one of the contributing structures is an oxyanion, which imparts additional stability. Therefore, the proton on the α carbon is more acidic in nature than that of other sp3-hybridized C–H bonds but less acidic than those in O–H bonds where the negative charge in the conjugate...
3.4K
Radical Reactivity: Overview01:11

Radical Reactivity: Overview

Radicals, the highly reactive species, gain stability by undergoing three different reactions. The first reaction involves a radical-radical coupling, in which a radical combines with another radical, forming a spin‐paired molecule. The second reaction is between a radical and a spin‐paired molecule, generating a new radical and a new spin‐paired molecule. The third reaction is radical decomposition in a unimolecular reaction, forming a new radical and a spin‐paired...
2.8K
¹H NMR of Labile Protons: Temporal Resolution01:10

¹H NMR of Labile Protons: Temporal Resolution

Protons bonded to heteroatoms such as nitrogen and oxygen exhibit a range of chemical shift values. This is due to the varying degree of hydrogen bonding between the proton and the heteroatom in other molecules. The extent of hydrogen bonding affects the electron density around the proton, thereby giving different chemical shift values for the protons in the proton NMR spectrum.
The –OH proton in alcohols typically appears in the range of δ 2 to 5 ppm but can vary depending on the specific...
1.7K