[Diet recomendations in diabetes and obesity]

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the chronic diseases with higher prevalence worldwide, mainly due to the increase of "type 2 diabetes". This increasing is mainly due to the aging of the population, the current epidemic of obesity and the changes in lifestyle, such as high-calorie diets and sedentary lifestyle. In addition, it is common to find that diabetes is associated with obesity, diabesity, or hypertension and hypercholesterolemia, forming part of the socalled Metabolic Syndrome (MS), which is associated with a high probability of developing cardiovascular problems. Despite the advances in the treatment of diabetes, achieving adequate glycemic control in people with diabetes remains difficult, and not always risk free. The diet is one of the bases of the treatment and prevention of diabetes and obesity. This should provide the necessary nutrients for the organism, but also, in the case of diabetic patients, should be coordinated with hypoglycaemic treatment and insulin, called "nutritional medical treatment", and whose main objective is normoglycemia. Dietary treatment of obesity is difficult, usually tends to restrict the calories consumed and forgets the psychological factors and lifestyle of patients. However, there is no a unique diet for these pathologies, but it must be individualized, based on the therapeutic objectives adapted to dietary recommendations for the patient's lifestyle.