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Control systems are everywhere in contemporary society, influencing diverse applications from aerospace to automated manufacturing. These systems can be found naturally within biological processes, such as blood sugar regulation and heart rate adjustment in response to stress, as well as in man-made systems like elevators and automated vehicles. A control system is essentially a network of subsystems and processes that collaboratively convert specific inputs into desired outputs.
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The transfer function is a fundamental concept in the analysis and design of linear time-invariant (LTI) systems. It offers a concise way to understand how a system responds to different inputs in the frequency domain. It serves as a bridge between the time-domain differential equations that describe system dynamics and the frequency-domain representation that facilitates easier manipulation and analysis.
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[Encapsulation and controlled delivery systems based on molecular gates].

María Ruiz-Rico1, Édgar Pérez-Esteve, Ana Fuentes

  • 1. jmbarat@tal.upv.es.

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Summary
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Mesoporous silica particles (MSP) offer a stable platform for encapsulating bioactive compounds. These smart delivery systems utilize molecular gates for controlled release triggered by external stimuli, enhancing stability and bioaccessibility.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Mesoporous silica particles (MSP) possess high pore volume and surface area, ideal for encapsulating bioactive molecules.
  • The surface of MSP can be functionalized with molecular gates to create responsive delivery systems.
  • Gated MSP exhibit "zero release" until an external stimulus triggers cargo release.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the characteristics of MSP for bioactive compound encapsulation.
  • To discuss key molecular gates for controlled release systems.
  • To present applications of MSP in controlled release of food ingredients and nutraceuticals.

Main Methods:

  • Characterization of MSP properties for encapsulation.
  • Design and implementation of molecular gate systems on MSP.
  • Evaluation of MSP for controlled release of food ingredients and nutraceuticals.

Main Results:

  • MSP serve as effective supports for encapsulating diverse bioactive compounds.
  • Molecular gates enable stimulus-responsive "smart" release of encapsulated cargo.
  • Applications demonstrated enhanced stability and modulated bioaccessibility of food ingredients and nutraceuticals.

Conclusions:

  • MSP are versatile platforms for developing advanced delivery systems for bioactive compounds.
  • Gated MSP offer precise control over the release of encapsulated substances.
  • These systems hold significant potential for improving food ingredients and nutraceuticals through enhanced stability and bioavailability.