Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 7, 2026

07:03
Low-energy Cathodoluminescence for OxyNitride Phosphors
Published on: November 15, 2016
11.1K
Determining the Nitrogen Content in (Oxy)Nitride Materials.
1Univ. Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes)-UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France. Franck.Tessier@univ-rennes1.fr.
Materials (Basel, Switzerland)
|August 4, 2018
Summary
Accurately determining nitrogen and oxygen in materials is crucial but challenging. This study reviews various chemical and physical methods, highlighting their effectiveness for bulk and thin film analysis.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Analytical Chemistry
Background:
- Accurate determination of nitrogen and oxygen is vital for characterizing (oxy)nitride materials.
- Analyzing these anions presents challenges, particularly for certain material types and thin films.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review and compare various chemical and physical techniques for nitrogen and oxygen determination in materials.
- To highlight the applicability and limitations of these methods for both bulk powders and thin films.
Main Methods:
- Carrier gas hot extraction (CGHE) for bulk materials.
- Electron probe microanalysis with wavelength dispersive spectroscopy (EPMA-WDS) for thin films.
- Compilation of diverse chemical and physical analytical routes.
Main Results:
- CGHE and EPMA-WDS are identified as attractive methods for bulk and thin film analysis, respectively.
- The study evaluates the performance of multiple techniques for anionic content determination.
- Limitations and challenges associated with analyzing powders and films are discussed.
Conclusions:
- A comprehensive overview of available methodologies for nitrogen and oxygen analysis in (oxy)nitride materials is provided.
- The choice of technique depends on the material form (bulk vs. thin film) and specific analytical requirements.
- Understanding method limitations is key to achieving accurate material characterization.
Related Concept Videos
The Nitrogen Cycle
60.4K
Nitrogen atoms, present in all proteins and DNA, are recycled between abiotic and biotic components of the ecosystem. However, the primary form of nitrogen on Earth is nitrogen gas, which cannot be used by most animals and plants. Thus, nitrogen gas must first be converted into a usable form by nitrogen-fixing bacteria before it can be cycled through other living organisms. The use of nitrogen-containing fertilizers and animal waste products in human agriculture has greatly influenced the...
60.4K
Overview of Nitrogen Metabolism
11.4K
Nitrogen is a very important element for life because it is a major constituent of proteins and nucleic acids. It is a macronutrient, and in nature, it is recycled from organic compounds and stored in the form of ammonia, ammonium ions, nitrate, nitrite, or nitrogen gas by many metabolic processes. Many of these metabolic processes are carried out only by prokaryotes.
The largest pool of nitrogen available in the terrestrial ecosystem is gaseous nitrogen (N2) from the air, but this...
The largest pool of nitrogen available in the terrestrial ecosystem is gaseous nitrogen (N2) from the air, but this...
11.4K
Inorganic Nitrogen Assimilation
536
Nitrogen is an essential element in biological systems, forming a crucial component of proteins, nucleic acids, and other cellular constituents. Many bacteria and archaea acquire nitrogen in the form of nitrate (NO₃⁻) or ammonia (NH₃), which are then assimilated into biomolecules through specific enzymatic pathways.Assimilatory Nitrate ReductionWhen nitrate enters the cell, it undergoes a two-step reduction process known as assimilatory nitrate reduction. Initially, the enzyme...
536
Chirality at Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Sulfur
7.0K
Chirality is most prevalent in carbon-based tetrahedral compounds, but this important facet of molecular symmetry extends to sp3-hybridized nitrogen, phosphorus and sulfur centers, including trivalent molecules with lone pairs. Here, the lone pair behaves as a functional group in addition to the other three substituents to form an analogous tetrahedral center that can be chiral.
A consequence of chirality is the need for enantiomeric resolution. While this is theoretically possible for all...
A consequence of chirality is the need for enantiomeric resolution. While this is theoretically possible for all...
7.0K
Stereotype Content Model
15.5K
The Stereotype Content Model (SCM) was first proposed by Susan Fiske and her colleagues (Fiske, Cuddy, Glick & Xu, 2002; see also Fiske, 2012 and Fiske, 2017). The SCM specifies that when someone encounters a new group, they will stereotype them based on two metrics: warmth—or that group’s perceived intent, and how likely they are to provide help or inflict harm—and competence—or their ability to carry out that objective. Depending on the warmth-competence...
15.5K
Members Made of Elastoplastic Material
405
The behavior of elastoplastic materials under bending stresses, particularly in structural members with rectangular cross-sections, is crucial for predicting material responses and understanding failure modes. Initially, when a bending moment is applied, the stress distribution across the section follows Hooke's Law and is linear and elastic. This distribution means the stress increases from the neutral axis to the maximum at the outer fibers, up to the elastic limit.
As the bending moment...
As the bending moment...
405

