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lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

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In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
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The intricate hormonal interplay essential for male reproductive health begins with the release of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) by the hypothalamus. This hormone prompts the pituitary gland to secrete follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). LH targets the Leydig cells in the testes, stimulating them to produce and release testosterone. In concert with testosterone, FSH acts on the Sertoli cells within the seminiferous tubules to facilitate the release of...
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Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
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Overexpressing Long Noncoding RNAs Using Gene-activating CRISPR
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Long noncoding RNAs: regulation, function and cancer.

Aras Rafiee1, Farhad Riazi-Rad2, Mohammad Havaskary3

  • 1a Department of Biology , Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University , Tehran , Iran.

Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering Reviews
|August 4, 2018
PubMed
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Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are key regulators of cellular processes and gene expression. This review explores their diverse mechanisms, functions, and roles in cancer pathogenesis and suppression.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • RNA Biology

Background:

  • Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are critical regulators of cellular functions.
  • Dysregulation of lncRNAs is implicated in various diseases, particularly cancer.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review lncRNA classes, mechanisms, and functions in gene regulation.
  • To examine the role of lncRNAs in cancer pathogenesis, oncogenesis, and tumor suppression.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing noncoding RNA classes.
  • Analysis of lncRNA regulatory mechanisms (e.g., chromatin remodeling, transcription).
  • Examination of lncRNAs involved in cancer pathways and cell cycle control.

Main Results:

  • lncRNAs regulate gene expression through diverse epigenetic and post-transcriptional mechanisms.
  • Specific lncRNAs are significantly involved in oncogenesis, tumor suppression, and cell cycle arrest.
  • lncRNAs participate in multiple signaling pathways relevant to cancer.

Conclusions:

  • lncRNAs represent a significant class of regulatory molecules with broad implications in cellular processes.
  • Understanding lncRNA functions and pathways is crucial for developing novel therapeutic strategies for cancer.