Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 7, 2026

Visual Classical Conditioning in Wood Ants
Published on: October 5, 2018
Path Following in Non-Visual Conditions
Abstract:
Path-following tasks have been investigated mostly under visual conditions, that is when subjects are able to see both the path and the tool, or limb, used for navigation. Moreover, only basic path shapes are usually adopted. In the present experiment, participants must rely exclusively on continuous, non-speech, and ecological auditory and vibrotactile cues to follow a path on a flat surface. Two different, asymmetric path shapes were tested. Participants navigated by moving their index finger over a surface sensing position and force. Results show that the different non-visual feedback modes did not affect the task's accuracy, yet they affected its speed, with vibrotactile feedback causing the slowest gestures. Also, vibrotactile feedback caused participants to exert more force over the surface. Finally, the shape of the path was relevant to the accuracy, and participants tended to prefer audio over vibrotactile and audio-tactile feedback.
Related Concept Videos
Mean free path and Mean free time
Path Between Thermodynamics States
Interference: Path Lengths
Two special sources may be considered when they are in phase. This can be easily achieved by feeding the two sources from the same source. An example would be synchronizing the two speakers by feeding them with the same source, such as the sound waves produced by a tuning fork. This setup ensures that the two sources have the same frequency and are...
Behavior of Gas Molecules: Molecular Diffusion, Mean Free Path, and Effusion
Conditions on Early Earth
Classical Conditioning
Ivan Pavlov observed that dogs...

