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Can we avoid reductionism in risk reduction?

Seth J Prins1, Adam Reich1

  • 1Columbia University, USA.

Theoretical Criminology
|August 4, 2018
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Risk assessment in criminal justice is debated, with some seeing it as a solution to mass incarceration and others as a cause. This analysis clarifies risk dimensions to improve its use and prevent misuse.

Keywords:
Criminal justicecriminologymethodologyrisk assessmentrisk reduction

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Area of Science:

  • Criminal Justice
  • Criminology
  • Sociology of Law

Background:

  • Risk assessment and reduction are central to criminal justice policy over the last 25 years.
  • There is a lack of consensus on the theoretical and methodological foundations of risk and its implications.
  • Proponents view risk assessment as a solution to mass incarceration inefficiencies, while critics link it to existing inequalities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the contested terrain of risk assessment in criminal justice.
  • To expose distinctions in risk dimensions that influence its application.
  • To inform the use and prevent the abuse of risk knowledge in policy.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of two prominent risk assessment frameworks.
  • Theoretical excavation of the concept of risk in criminal justice.
  • Examination of the social and practical implications of risk assessment.

Main Results:

  • Both proponents and critics of risk assessment hold partial truths.
  • Existing perspectives fail to adequately specify the different dimensions of risk.
  • Distinctions in risk dimensions are crucial for understanding its effects.

Conclusions:

  • Clarifying the dimensions of risk is essential for effective criminal justice policy.
  • Risk assessment knowledge can be used to prevent abuse and improve policy outcomes.
  • A nuanced understanding of risk is needed to address its role in mass incarceration and inequality.