Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Predicting Products: SN1 vs. SN202:27

Predicting Products: SN1 vs. SN2

17.4K
Nucleophilic substitution reactions of alkyl halides can proceed via an SN1 or an SN2 mechanism. While in SN2 reactions, the nucleophile attacks the substrate simultaneously as the leaving group departs, in SN1 reactions, the substrate first dissociates to give the carbocation intermediate. Various factors such as the structure of the substrate, the strength of the nucleophile, and the nature of the solvent promote one mechanism over the other.
With increased substitution on the alkyl halide,...
17.4K
Gene Conversion02:08

Gene Conversion

10.7K
Other than maintaining genome stability via DNA repair, homologous recombination plays an important role in diversifying the genome. In fact, the recombination of sequences forms the molecular basis of genomic evolution. Random and non-random permutations of genomic sequences create a library of new amalgamated sequences. These newly formed genomes can determine the fitness and survival of cells. In bacteria, homologous and non-homologous types of recombination lead to the evolution of new...
10.7K
Gene Conversion02:08

Gene Conversion

3.1K
3.1K
Conversion of Units01:36

Conversion of Units

36.8K
Sometimes, there is a need to convert from one unit to another one. For instance, reading a cookbook in which quantities are expressed in units of liters or ounces may require conversion of quantities to cups. Or, when looking up directions on how to get to a location, we may be interested to know how many miles we are going to walk. In this case, we would have to convert units of feet or meters to miles.
The first step in the unit conversion is to list the given units and the units required...
36.8K
Predicting Molecular Geometry02:27

Predicting Molecular Geometry

46.0K
VSEPR Theory for Determination of Electron Pair Geometries
46.0K
Prediction Intervals01:03

Prediction Intervals

3.4K
The interval estimate of any variable is known as the prediction interval. It helps decide if a point estimate is dependable.
However, the point estimate is most likely not the exact value of the population parameter, but close to it. After calculating point estimates, we construct interval estimates, called confidence intervals or prediction intervals. This prediction interval comprises a range of values unlike the point estimate and is a better predictor of the observed sample value, y. 
3.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Personalized tremor control targeting for MR-guided focused ultrasound using tractography.

Brain communications·2026
Same author

Corrigendum to "Glutaminase deficiency provides insight to the role of glutamine accumulation and neurotoxicity" [Mol. Genet. Metab. 148(2) (2026) 109906].

Molecular genetics and metabolism·2026
Same author

Erratum to "Glutaminase deficiency provides insight to the role of glutamine accumulation and neurotoxicity" [Mol Genet Metab. (2026) Vol. 148 Issue 2 109906].

Molecular genetics and metabolism·2026
Same author

Glutaminase deficiency provides insight to the role of glutamine accumulation and neurotoxicity.

Molecular genetics and metabolism·2026
Same author

Corrigendum to "Tobacco and cannabis co-use by route of administration in the United States, 2022/2023" [Addict. Behav. 175 (2026) 108595].

Addictive behaviors·2026
Same author

PD-1 Blockade-Induced DKK1 Expression by CD8+ T Cells Promotes Blood-Brain Barrier Permeabilization.

Cancer discovery·2026
Same journal

The Association of Headache and Physical Activity in Times of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Brain and behavior·2026
Same journal

Voices of Stroke Survivors With Dysphagia: A Roy Adaptation Model-Based Qualitative Analysis.

Brain and behavior·2026
Same journal

Korean Red Ginseng Attenuates Dysfunctions and Modulates Inflammatory and Neuroplasticity Markers in the Harmaline-Induced Model of Essential Tremor.

Brain and behavior·2026
Same journal

Pseudohallucination and Pilocytic Astrocytoma in the Pons.

Brain and behavior·2026
Same journal

Volume Alterations in Thalamic Subnuclei in Parkinson's Disease Dementia and Machine Learning-Based Prediction of Diagnosis and Severity.

Brain and behavior·2026
Same journal

ESTELA-Study: Long-Term Effectiveness and Safety of Anti-Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide Monoclonal Antibodies in Real-World Clinical Practice.

Brain and behavior·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 7, 2026

Comprehensive Autopsy Program for Individuals with Multiple Sclerosis
09:41

Comprehensive Autopsy Program for Individuals with Multiple Sclerosis

Published on: July 19, 2019

12.0K

MRI in predicting conversion to multiple sclerosis within 1 year.

Ayelet Eran1, Melissa García2, Robair Malouf3

  • 1Neuroradiology Unit, Radiology Department, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel.

Brain and Behavior
|August 4, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Early MRI findings in clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) can predict multiple sclerosis (MS) conversion. Lesion characteristics like number, location, and size indicate a higher risk of developing MS within a year.

Keywords:
demyelinating diseasemultiple sclerosisneuroimaging

More Related Videos

The Multiple Sclerosis Performance Test MSPT: An iPad-Based Disability Assessment Tool
11:35

The Multiple Sclerosis Performance Test MSPT: An iPad-Based Disability Assessment Tool

Published on: June 30, 2014

58.8K
A Protocol for the Use of Remotely-Supervised Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation tDCS in Multiple Sclerosis MS
08:18

A Protocol for the Use of Remotely-Supervised Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation tDCS in Multiple Sclerosis MS

Published on: December 26, 2015

18.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 7, 2026

Comprehensive Autopsy Program for Individuals with Multiple Sclerosis
09:41

Comprehensive Autopsy Program for Individuals with Multiple Sclerosis

Published on: July 19, 2019

12.0K
The Multiple Sclerosis Performance Test MSPT: An iPad-Based Disability Assessment Tool
11:35

The Multiple Sclerosis Performance Test MSPT: An iPad-Based Disability Assessment Tool

Published on: June 30, 2014

58.8K
A Protocol for the Use of Remotely-Supervised Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation tDCS in Multiple Sclerosis MS
08:18

A Protocol for the Use of Remotely-Supervised Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation tDCS in Multiple Sclerosis MS

Published on: December 26, 2015

18.1K

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Radiology
  • Neuroimaging

Background:

  • Multiple sclerosis (MS) often begins with a clinically isolated syndrome (CIS).
  • Predicting conversion from CIS to MS is crucial for timely intervention.
  • Current prognostic factors require further validation and refinement.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To validate existing imaging and clinical findings in CIS patients.
  • To identify novel MRI markers for predicting MS progression within the first year.
  • To assess prognostic factors for a second clinical episode or MRI changes post-CIS.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 46 patients with CIS.
  • Clinical and imaging follow-up for one year.
  • Neuroradiologist assessment of MRI scans for lesion count, location, and size.

Main Results:

  • 54% of CIS patients progressed to MS within one year.
  • Lesion location (temporal, occipital, perpendicular to corpus callosum) and size (>0.75 cm) were associated with recurrence.
  • A combination of >13 lesions, maximal lesion length >0.75 cm, and perpendicular lesions increased MS conversion risk 19-fold.

Conclusions:

  • MRI lesion characteristics (number, location, size) are significant predictors of MS development after CIS.
  • These findings aid in risk stratification for patients experiencing CIS.
  • Closer monitoring is recommended for high-risk individuals to manage potential MS progression.