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Comparative analysis of perinatal clinical problems in early and late preterm infants

Z Jin, X Liu

    Clinical and Experimental Obstetrics & Gynecology
    |August 4, 2018
    PubMed

    Insights

    Early preterm infants (EPIs) face higher risks of birth asphyxia, low nutrients, and respiratory issues compared to late preterm infants (LPIs). EPIs require more intensive care, highlighting unique vulnerabilities in this high-risk group.

    Area of Science:

    • Neonatalogy
    • Perinatology
    • Pediatric Medicine

    Background:

    • Preterm birth is a significant global health concern.
    • Understanding the distinct clinical profiles of early and late preterm infants is crucial for targeted interventions.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To compare the clinical characteristics and outcomes of early preterm infants (EPIs) and late preterm infants (LPIs).

    Main Methods:

    • A retrospective analysis of clinical and laboratory data from 561 preterm infants admitted between January 2013 and December 2014.
    • Comparative statistical analysis was performed to identify significant differences between EPIs and LPIs.

    Main Results:

    • Late preterm infants (LPIs) constituted the majority (72.55%) of the study cohort.
    • Early preterm infants (EPIs) exhibited significantly higher rates of birth asphyxia, placental abruption, and placenta previa (p < 0.01).
    • EPIs demonstrated significantly lower levels of albumin, globulin, triglycerides, serum phosphorus, serum iron, and hemoglobin (p < 0.01), alongside increased incidence of hypothermia, hypoglycemia, respiratory distress, apnea, feeding intolerance, and need for assisted ventilation (p < 0.01).

    Conclusions:

    • Late preterm infants (LPIs) are more common, but early preterm infants (EPIs) present unique risk factors like placental complications and diminished nutritional reserves.
    • Early preterm infants (EPIs) are more susceptible to perinatal complications and require closer monitoring and specialized care due to their heightened vulnerability.
    Abstract

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