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Assessment and Validation of Syndromic Case Definitions for Respiratory Syncytial Virus Testing in a Low Resource

Saad B Omer1,2,3,4, Robert Bednarczyk1,2,4, Momin Kazi5

  • 1From the Hubert Department of Global Health.

The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal
|August 4, 2018
PubMed

Insights

A simple case definition for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection in infants shows promise for community surveillance. However, its low specificity suggests additional data may be needed for accurate diagnosis.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Standardized case definitions are crucial for effective respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) control and vaccine assessment.
  • Community-based surveillance for RSV in infants is vital, especially in resource-limited areas.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate a syndromic case definition for moderate RSV infection in young infants for community surveillance.
  • To assess the utility of "wheeze or apnea or cyanosis" as a case definition for RSV.

Main Methods:

  • A syndromic case definition including "wheeze or apnea or cyanosis" was proposed.
  • The specificity of this definition was analyzed for community-based surveillance.

Main Results:

  • The proposed syndromic case definition demonstrated modest specificity, ranging from 29.2% to 49.6%.
  • This indicates potential for over-identification of non-RSV cases.

Conclusions:

  • The "wheeze or apnea or cyanosis" case definition may aid community-based surveillance of moderate RSV in infants.
  • Augmentation with additional data sources is recommended to improve the accuracy of community-based RSV surveillance.

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