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Aging and the cardiovascular system.

J R Docherty

    Journal of Autonomic Pharmacology
    |March 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Aging generally reduces or does not change cardiovascular responsiveness, with notable decreases in specific receptors. This altered control in older adults may increase adverse drug effects.

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    Area of Science:

    • Gerontology
    • Cardiovascular Physiology
    • Pharmacology

    Background:

    • Conflicting data exists regarding the impact of aging on cardiovascular responsiveness.
    • Understanding age-related changes in receptor function and amine uptake is crucial for geriatric pharmacology.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To identify patterns in the effects of aging on cardiovascular system responsiveness.
    • To explain the increased plasma norepinephrine (NA) observed in the elderly.
    • To investigate potential reasons for differential drug efficacy in elderly hypertensive patients.

    Main Methods:

    • Review and synthesis of existing, often contradictory, research data on aging and cardiovascular function.
    • Analysis of studies examining receptor responsiveness (e.g., beta-adrenoreceptors, muscarinic receptors) in aged individuals.

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  • Evaluation of data on the amine uptake system's efficiency in the elderly.

    • Main Results:

    • Cardiovascular responsiveness is generally unchanged or reduced with aging.
    • Reduced responsiveness is most frequently observed in cardiac and vascular receptors (beta-adrenoreceptors, alpha 2-adrenoreceptors, muscarinic receptors).
    • The amine uptake system shows variable changes; increased plasma norepinephrine is a consistent finding in the elderly.

    Conclusions:

    • Resting cardiovascular function in the aged is largely normal, but altered control mechanisms, including a blunted baroreflex, exist.
    • These alterations may lead to a higher incidence of adverse drug effects in the elderly.
    • Observed differences in drug efficacy may relate more to hypertension's pathological development than aging itself.