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Bone-borne accelerated sutural expansion: A microcomputed tomography study in rabbits.

Akram S Alyessary1, Adrian U J Yap2, Siti A Othman3

  • 1Department of Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, Kerbala University, Kerbala, Iraq.

American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics : Official Publication of the American Association of Orthodontists, Its Constituent Societies, and the American Board of Orthodontics
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Accelerated sutural expansion protocols were tested in rabbits. A 2.5 mm instant expansion followed by 0.5 mm/day for 7 days appears optimal for sutural separation and bone modeling.

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Area of Science:

  • Orthodontics
  • Craniofacial Biology
  • Biomaterials

Background:

  • Bone-borne accelerated expansion protocols are increasingly used in orthodontics.
  • Understanding their effects on sutural separation and bone modeling is crucial for optimizing treatment outcomes.
  • Microcomputed tomography (micro-CT) offers a non-invasive method for evaluating these changes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of varying bone-borne accelerated expansion protocols on sutural separation and bone modeling.
  • To determine the optimal instant sutural expansion that promotes separation without compromising bone modeling.

Main Methods:

  • Sixteen rabbits underwent modified hyrax expander placement across interfrontal sutures.
  • Four groups received different instant expansion protocols (0.5-4 mm) followed by daily expansion.
  • Sutural separation and bone modeling were assessed using micro-CT after 6 weeks of retention.

Main Results:

  • Sutural separation increased with higher instant expansion amounts, ranging from 2.84 to 4.41 mm.
  • Bone volume fraction varied, with the 2.5 mm instant expansion group showing the highest percentage (69.15%).
  • A strong positive correlation (r=0.970) was found between instant expansion and sutural separation.

Conclusions:

  • The protocol of 2.5 mm instant expansion followed by 0.5 mm/day for 7 days is suggested as optimal for accelerated sutural expansion.
  • Higher instant expansion (4 mm) led to a decrease in sutural bone volume fraction, indicating potential disruption of bone modeling.