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Related Experiment Videos

Tumor necrosis factor induction by Sendai virus.

D Aderka, H Holtmann, L Toker

    Journal of Immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)
    |April 15, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary

    Viruses can trigger the production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF), a key cytotoxic protein, from immune cells. This finding expands our understanding of TNF

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    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Virology
    • Cell Biology

    Background:

    • Peripheral blood mononuclear leukocytes (PBMC) produce cytotoxic proteins distinct from interferon.
    • These virus-induced cytotoxins (CTX) are primarily generated by mononuclear phagocytes.
    • Monocyte-like U937 cells can be induced to produce CTX upon Sendai virus stimulation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To identify the specific cytotoxic proteins produced by PBMCs in response to Sendai virus.
    • To determine the cellular source of virus-induced cytotoxins.
    • To investigate the role of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and lymphotoxin (LT) in this response.

    Main Methods:

    • Treatment of PBMCs and U937 cells with Sendai virus.
    • Fractionation of PBMCs into adherent and nonadherent cell populations.
    • Stimulation with phytohemagglutinin (PHA) for comparison.
    • Use of monospecific antibodies to quantify TNF and LT production.

    Main Results:

    • Sendai virus induced significant cytotoxic effects in PBMC supernatants.
    • Mononuclear phagocytes were the primary producers of virus-induced cytotoxins.
    • Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) was identified as the major cytotoxic protein produced by PBMCs and U937 cells after viral stimulation.
    • Lymphotoxin (LT) was not significantly induced by the virus under these conditions.
    • PHA stimulation induced both TNF and LT in nonadherent PBMCs.

    Conclusions:

    • Viruses, in addition to bacterial lipopolysaccharides, can effectively induce tumor necrosis factor (TNF) production.
    • This suggests a broader physiological role for TNF beyond responses to bacterial components.
    • The findings highlight the capacity of the immune system to utilize TNF in response to viral infections.

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