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Short-Term Exposure to Nitrogen Dioxide Provides Basal Pathogen Resistance
Dörte Mayer1, Axel Mithöfer2, Erich Glawischnig3
1Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
Plant Physiology
|August 5, 2018
Summary
Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) exposure in Arabidopsis plants triggers basal disease resistance against pathogens. This study reveals NO2
Area of Science:
- Plant Science
- Molecular Biology
- Plant Pathology
Background:
- Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is known to form in plants under stress.
- Its physiological functions, particularly in plant defense, are largely unknown.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the physiological functions of NO2 in plant cells.
- To explore NO2's role in plant immunity and defense signaling.
Main Methods:
- Short-term fumigation of Arabidopsis thaliana with NO2.
- Gene expression analysis.
- Hormone level measurements (salicylic acid, jasmonic acid).
- Analysis of volatile organic compound emission.
- Pathogen resistance assays against Botrytis cinerea and Pseudomonas syringae.
Main Results:
- NO2 fumigation induced genes related to pathogen resistance and basal disease resistance.
- Salicylic acid and jasmonic acid signaling pathways were crucial for NO2-induced resistance.
- NO2 exposure altered jasmonate metabolism, suppressing JA and JA-Ile accumulation.
- NO2-treated plants emitted volatile compounds like α-pinene and longifolene.
- Resistance was dependent on callose deposition and specific genes (CYP79B2, CYP79B3, PHYTOALEXIN DEFICIENT3).
Conclusions:
- Exogenous NO2 triggers basal pathogen resistance in plants, suggesting a role for endogenous NO2 in defense signaling.
- Jasmonate catabolism and volatile emissions are involved in NO2-mediated plant immunity.
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