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Polymers02:34

Polymers

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The word polymer is derived from the Greek words “poly” which means “many” and “mer” which means “parts”. Polymers are long chains of molecules composed of repeating units of smaller molecules, known as monomers. They either occur naturally, such as DNA and proteins, or can be constructed synthetically, like plastics. They have varied structural characteristics, such as linear chains, branched chains, or complex networks, that contribute to the...
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Aromatic Hydrocarbon Anions: Structural Overview01:18

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Neutral hydrocarbons like cyclopentadiene with an odd number of carbon atoms and one intervening CH2 group in the ring are not aromatic. Cyclopentadiene with 4 π electrons does not satisfy the 4n + 2 π electron rule. Additionally, the intervening CH2 group is sp3 hybridized and lacks a vacant p orbital, thereby interrupting the overlap of p orbitals in a continuous manner and preventing the delocalization of π electrons throughout the ring.
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Cycloheptatriene is a neutral monocyclic unsaturated hydrocarbon that consists of an odd number of carbon atoms and an intervening sp3 carbon in the ring. The three double bonds in the ring correspond to 6 π electrons, which is a Huckel number, and therefore satisfies the criteria of 4n + 2 π electrons. However, the intervening sp3 carbon disrupts the continuous overlap of p orbitals. As a result, cycloheptatriene is not aromatic.
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Understanding fluid flow behavior through pipes is critical in fluid mechanics, especially in applications like oil transportation through pipelines. Hagen-Poiseuille's law provides an exact solution derived from the Navier-Stokes equations for steady, incompressible, and laminar flow within a circular pipe. Hagen-Poiseuille's law helps determine the necessary pressure drop across a pipeline section by determining parameters like pipe length, radius, oil viscosity, and the desired volumetric...
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Polymers are classified as linear or branched on the basis of their chain architecture. The polymer chains in linear polymers have a long chain-like structure with minimal to no branching at all. Even if a polymer features large substituent groups on the monomer, which appear as branches to the skeleton, it is not considered a branched polymer. A branched polymer contains secondary polymer chains that arise from the main polymer chain. The branching occurs when the polymer growth shifts from...
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Oil-Impregnated Hydrocarbon-Based Polymer Films.

Ranit Mukherjee1, Mohammad Habibi1, Ziad T Rashed1

  • 1Macromolecules Innovation Institute, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, 24061, USA.

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|August 5, 2018
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Summary

Researchers developed cost-effective, slippery hydrocarbon-based polymer films. These durable, oil-impregnated materials show minimal contact angle hysteresis, making them ideal for self-cleaning and packaging applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Surface Chemistry

Background:

  • Porous surfaces with liquid lubricants offer self-cleaning properties.
  • Current methods use expensive silicones or complex polymer multilayers.
  • There is a need for cost-effective, easily prepared slippery surfaces.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a simple and cost-effective method for creating slippery hydrocarbon-based polymer films.
  • To evaluate the performance of oil-impregnated hydrocarbon films for self-cleaning applications.
  • To demonstrate the durability and versatility of these novel slippery surfaces.

Main Methods:

  • Impregnating hydrocarbon-based polymer films (e.g., polyethylene) with chemically compatible vegetable oils.
  • Testing contact angle hysteresis with various immiscible liquids (water, ketchup, yogurt).
  • Assessing the durability of the films by prolonged submersion in ketchup.

Main Results:

  • Hydrocarbon-based polymer films were successfully impregnated with vegetable oils without surface treatment.
  • The resulting oil-impregnated films exhibited minimal contact angle hysteresis.
  • The films demonstrated extreme durability, remaining slippery after weeks in ketchup.

Conclusions:

  • Simple, cost-effective oil-impregnated hydrocarbon-based films can be fabricated.
  • These films possess excellent self-cleaning properties due to low contact angle hysteresis.
  • The developed materials show significant potential for industrial packaging applications.