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Cellular senescence: Molecular mechanisms and pathogenicity.

Wenqiang Wei1,2, Shaoping Ji1

  • 1Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction, Basic Medical School, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China.

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Cellular senescence, the arrest of cell division, contributes to aging and related diseases. Strategies to control senescent cells are being developed to combat their detrimental effects.

Keywords:
inflammationp53reactive oxygen species (ROS)senescencesenescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP)

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Area of Science:

  • Cellular and Molecular Biology
  • Aging Research
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Cellular senescence is a state of irreversible cell cycle arrest.
  • It is triggered by various stressors like oncogenic genes and oxidative stress.
  • Senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) is a hallmark of senescent cells.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a brief introduction to cellular senescence.
  • To discuss the signaling pathways involved in senescence.
  • To review the role of senescence in aging-related diseases and potential control strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies on cellular senescence.
  • Analysis of signaling pathways (p53, NF-κB, mTOR, TGF-β) in senescence.
  • Examination of the link between senescent cell accumulation and chronic inflammation.

Main Results:

  • Cellular senescence plays roles in embryonic development and immune response.
  • Senescence is implicated in aging and age-related diseases (NAFLD, obesity, diabetes, pulmonary hypertension, tumorigenesis).
  • Accumulated senescent cells can induce chronic inflammation, contributing to age-related pathology.

Conclusions:

  • Cellular senescence is a complex biological process with implications in aging and disease.
  • Understanding senescence pathways is crucial for developing therapeutic strategies.
  • Targeting senescent cells offers a promising approach to manage age-related conditions.