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Glucose Homeostasis: Regulation of Blood Glucose01:02

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 7, 2026

Mechanism of Regulation of Adipocyte Numbers in Adult Organisms Through Differentiation and Apoptosis Homeostasis
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A Local Auxin Gradient Regulates Root Cap Self-Renewal and Size Homeostasis.

Carole Dubreuil1, Xu Jin1, Andreas Grönlund2

  • 1Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå 901 83, Sweden.

Current Biology : CB
|August 7, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Plant root cap size is maintained by stem cell activity and an auxin gradient. This gradient, with a maximum in the quiescent center, regulates cell separation at the root cap periphery, ensuring tissue homeostasis.

Keywords:
PINauxincell separationcolumellaorgan size homeostasisroot cap

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Area of Science:

  • Plant biology
  • Developmental biology
  • Root cap development

Background:

  • Organ size homeostasis relies on precise growth regulation.
  • In plants, root cap size is crucial for protecting the root tip.
  • Stem cell activity in the root cap is regulated by the quiescent center.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate factors controlling root cap tissue size homeostasis.
  • Determine the role of cell division, elongation, and separation in root cap size.
  • Elucidate the mechanism of tissue size regulation in the plant root cap.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of stem cell proliferation and differentiation in the root cap.
  • Measurement of auxin response gradients using imaging techniques.
  • Mathematical modeling to understand auxin's role in tissue size regulation.
  • Localization studies of auxin transporters.

Main Results:

  • Stem cell proliferation at the root cap periphery induces cell separation.
  • An auxin response gradient, highest in the quiescent center, precedes cell separation.
  • Tissue size is positively correlated with auxin levels.
  • Auxin transporters partially shield separating layers from the auxin source.

Conclusions:

  • Stem cell proliferation and auxin gradients are key to root cap size homeostasis.
  • Auxin gradients function as a measurement system to regulate tissue size.
  • Understanding these mechanisms can inform strategies for plant growth regulation.