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Ecosystem function in predator-prey food webs-confronting dynamic models with empirical data.

Alva Curtsdotter1,2,3, H Thomas Banks4, John E Banks5

  • 1Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden.

The Journal of Animal Ecology
|August 7, 2018
PubMed
Summary

This study shows dynamic food web models can predict aphid population dynamics and reveal predation

Keywords:
agricultural pestsallometrybody massconservation biological controlherbivore suppressionmultitrophic functioningpredator-prey interactionsspecies traits

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Food web dynamics
  • Ecological modeling

Background:

  • Ecosystem functions rely on species interactions across trophic levels.
  • Understanding multitrophic communities is limited by trade-offs between mechanistic insight and ecological realism.
  • Advances in molecular tools and trait-based approaches enable more realistic food web models.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To test an allometric food web model's ability to replicate field abundance data.
  • To gain mechanistic insight into the function of predation in controlling herbivore populations.
  • To explore drivers of population dynamics using dynamic food web models.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a dynamic food web model with field-observed interactions and abundances.
  • Applied inverse problem methods for model fit optimization and parameterization.
  • Tested the model's ability to reproduce aphid (Rhopalosiphum padi) abundance data from ten Swedish barley fields.

Main Results:

  • The model successfully explained over 70% of aphid abundance variation in five of ten fields.
  • Results support the hypothesis that body size is a key determinant of predation in arthropod communities.
  • Model analysis identified community abundance and trait composition as drivers of ecosystem function.

Conclusions:

  • Dynamic food web models confronted with field data are valuable for evaluating ecological theory and understanding ecosystem function.
  • Body size is an important, but not the sole, determinant of predation.
  • Refining trait-based parameterization in food web models is crucial for advancing ecosystem research.