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Updated: Feb 7, 2026

Harmonic Nanoparticles for Regenerative Research
Published on: May 1, 2014
Synthesis and Characterization of the First Tin Fluoride Borate Sn3 [B3 O7 ]F with Second Harmonic Generation
Sandra Schönegger1, Stephan G Jantz2, Andreas Saxer3
1Institut für Allgemeine, Anorganische und Theoretische Chemie, Leopold-Franzens-Universität Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.
Abstract:
The new non-centrosymmetric tin fluoride borate Sn3 [B3 O7 ]F was synthesized hydrothermally, and was characterized by single-crystal and powder X-ray diffraction, vibrational spectroscopy, DFT calculations, second harmonic generation (SHG) measurements, thermogravimetry, and differential scanning calorimetry. Its SHG response is about 12 times that of quartz. The compound crystallizes in the non-centrosymmetric orthorhombic space group Pna21 with lattice parameters a=922.4(2), b=769.8(4), and c=1221.9(6) pm (Z=4). Characteristic for the structure are isolated B3 O7 moieties, consisting of two corner-sharing BO3 units and one BO4 tetrahedron. These occupy half of the octahedral voids of a slightly distorted hexagonal closest packing of Sn2+ atoms, with [SnF]+ units in the other half of the octahedral voids. Sn3 [B3 O7 ]F is transparent over a wide spectral range with a UV cut-off edge at about 263 nm.
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