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The self-concept encompasses individuals' beliefs about themselves, structured through cognitive frameworks known as self-schemas. These schemas function as mental representations of specific traits or behaviors, influencing how self-relevant information is perceived, processed, and remembered. For example, individuals who are schematic for body weight are more likely to interpret routine experiences—such as dining out or shopping—through the lens of that trait. Conversely, those...
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Evidence-based Knowledge Synthesis and Hypothesis Validation: Navigating Biomedical Knowledge Bases via Explainable AI and Agentic Systems
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Persistent diarrhoea: current knowledge and novel concepts.

Robert H J Bandsma1,2,3,4, Kamran Sadiq5, Zulfiqar A Bhutta3,4,5

  • 1a Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition , Hospital for Sick Children , Toronto , Canada.

Paediatrics and International Child Health
|August 7, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Persistent diarrhoea (PD) in children under five remains a significant health issue. Research highlights potential decreases in prevalence and explores interventions like probiotics, but more clinical trials are needed for effective treatment guidelines.

Keywords:
Persistent diarrhoeaenvironmental enteric dysfunctionmalnutritionmicrobiome

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Persistent diarrhoea (PD) significantly impacts children under five.
  • Understanding PD's epidemiology, pathophysiology, and management is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of current knowledge on persistent diarrhoea.
  • To discuss novel concepts and emerging interventions for PD.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature search was conducted on persistent diarrhoea.
  • The search focused on evidence regarding PD's epidemiology, pathophysiology, and management.

Main Results:

  • PD prevalence may have decreased, but the role of specific infections is debated.
  • PD is linked to malnutrition and compromised immunity (e.g., HIV).
  • Nutrient-based interventions, including prebiotics/probiotics, show promise for managing PD.

Conclusions:

  • Persistent diarrhoea continues to pose a substantial health burden.
  • Multicentre clinical trials are essential to develop evidence-based treatment guidelines for PD.