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Early-life events and developmental defects of enamel in the primary dentition

Gabriela Dos Santos Pinto1, Francine Dos Santos Costa2, Tanielley Vieira Machado3

  • 1School of Dentistry, FASURGS, Passo Fundo, Brazil.

Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology
|August 7, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Low Apgar scores in newborns are linked to a higher chance of developmental defects of enamel (DDE) in primary teeth. Early-life events significantly impact children's oral health and enamel development.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Dentistry
  • Developmental Biology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Developmental defects of enamel (DDE) are common in primary teeth.
  • Early-life events and neonatal conditions are potential risk factors for DDE.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of DDE in children aged 24-36 months.
  • To investigate the association between early-life events and DDE in primary teeth.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 503 children aged 24-36 months in Pelotas, Brazil, was studied.
  • Data on maternal and child health, including Apgar scores, were collected.
  • Clinical oral examinations using the DDE index (FDI) assessed enamel defects.

Main Results:

  • The prevalence of DDE was 13.1% among the evaluated children.
  • Children with Apgar scores below 7 had a 2.5-fold increased risk of DDE (OR=2.78).
  • Hypoplasia and diffuse opacities were significantly associated with lower Apgar scores.

Conclusions:

  • Early-life events, particularly low Apgar scores, are associated with an increased prevalence of DDE.
  • Neonatal health status is a critical factor influencing enamel development in primary teeth.
Abstract

Keywords:
deciduousdental enamel hypoplasiaearly-life eventsoral healthtooth

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