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Related Concept Videos

Attitudes01:54

Attitudes

33.2K
Attitude is our evaluation of a person, an idea, or an object. We have attitudes for many things ranging from products that we might pick up in the supermarket to people around the world to political policies. Typically, attitudes are favorable or unfavorable: positive or negative (Eagly & Chaiken, 1993). And, they have three components: an affective component (feelings), a behavioral component (the effect of the attitude on behavior), and a cognitive component (belief and knowledge;...
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Explicit Memories01:27

Explicit Memories

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Explicit memories, also known as declarative memories, are consciously remembered, recalled, and reported. Studying for a chemistry exam involves material that will become part of explicit memory. There are two types of explicit memory: episodic and semantic.
Episodic memory contains information about personally experienced events and is reported as a story. An example of episodic memory is recalling a birthday celebration. This type of memory includes the what, where, and when of an event, as...
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Implicit Differentiation01:25

Implicit Differentiation

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In classical mechanics, motion is often described through relationships between spatial coordinates and time. A car moving along a straight highway with constant acceleration serves as a simple case where velocity is an explicit function of time. This scenario results in a linear equation, enabling straightforward analysis using basic differentiation techniques.In contrast, a satellite in circular orbit follows a path defined by an implicit function. The position of the satellite is constrained...
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Implicit Memories01:24

Implicit Memories

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Implicit memories, also known as non-declarative memories, are long-term memories that function outside of conscious awareness. These memories influence behavior and skills without explicit knowledge. This type of memory is evident in tasks like playing tennis, snowboarding, and texting. Implicit memory has three subsystems: procedural memory, conditioning, and priming. This type of memory is essential in various activities, from everyday tasks to specialized skills.
One key aspect of implicit...
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Implicit Differentiation: Problem Solving01:29

Implicit Differentiation: Problem Solving

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Curves defined implicitly, where variables cannot be separated algebraically, require specialized techniques for analysis. The conchoid of Nicomedes exemplifies such a case. Its equation links x and y in a way that prevents isolation of one variable, making implicit differentiation essential to determine the slope and behavior at any point on the curve.The implicit form of the conchoid can be expressed as:To differentiate this equation, y is treated as a function of x, and the chain rule is...
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Second Derivatives of Implicit Functions01:29

Second Derivatives of Implicit Functions

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Elliptical arches are fundamental in architectural and structural engineering, offering aesthetic appeal and structural efficiency. The shape of an elliptical arch follows a constrained geometric relationship where the height and horizontal position are implicitly related. This means that the height y cannot be explicitly expressed as a function of the horizontal position x, necessitating implicit differentiation for slope and curvature analysis.The equation of an ellipse centered at the origin...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 7, 2026

The "Motor" in Implicit Motor Sequence Learning: A Foot-stepping Serial Reaction Time Task
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Examining implicit and explicit attitudes toward stuttering.

Tedra A Walden1, Taylor A Lesner1

  • 1Psychology and Human Development, Vanderbilt University, Peabody College #552, 230 Appleton Place, Nashville, TN 37203, United States.

Journal of Fluency Disorders
|August 7, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Young adults hold negative implicit and explicit attitudes toward people who stutter. Familiarity with stuttering impacts implicit attitudes, while social desirability influences explicit attitudes.

Keywords:
AttitudesIATImplicit attitudeStutter

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Speech-Language Pathology

Background:

  • Stuttering affects millions globally, yet attitudes toward individuals who stutter remain under-researched.
  • Understanding implicit and explicit attitudes is crucial for addressing societal stigma.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess implicit and explicit attitudes toward people who stutter in typically-fluent young adults.
  • To explore the influence of social desirability and familiarity on these attitudes.

Main Methods:

  • Implicit Association Test (IAT) to measure implicit attitudes towards stuttering.
  • Self-report scales for explicit attitudes, social desirability, and familiarity with stuttering.

Main Results:

  • A negative stuttering stereotype was confirmed, with participants showing negative implicit and explicit attitudes.
  • Social desirability predicted explicit attitudes, while familiarity correlated with implicit attitudes.

Conclusions:

  • Both implicit and explicit attitudes toward stuttering are important for understanding the experiences of people who stutter.
  • Findings highlight the need for interventions addressing both conscious and unconscious biases.