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Thyroid Autoimmunity and Thyroid Cancer - The Pathogenic Connection: A 2018 Update
1Department of Molecular Medicine, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan.
Hormone and Metabolic Research = Hormon- Und Stoffwechselforschung = Hormones Et Metabolisme
|August 7, 2018
Summary
Thyroid autoimmunity is linked to increased thyroid cancer risk, particularly papillary thyroid cancer. Further research is needed to understand its impact on cancer prognosis.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Oncology
- Immunology
Background:
- The link between thyroid autoimmunity and thyroid cancer has been suspected for decades.
- Existing research presents conflicting data, necessitating a review of recent findings.
Purpose of the Study:
- To update the understanding of the association between thyroid autoimmunity and thyroid cancer.
- To analyze the prevalence of thyroid autoimmunity in different types of thyroid cancer.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review of papers published between 2012 and early 2018.
- Analysis of intrathyroidal lymphocyte infiltration and antibody presence (anti-thyroglobulin/thyroid peroxidase).
Main Results:
- Increased prevalence of thyroid autoimmunity in thyroid cancer patients versus benign nodules.
- Higher incidence of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) in individuals with thyroid autoimmunity.
- Evidence suggests autoimmunity may target shared antigens in normal and cancerous thyroid tissue.
- Elevated TSH levels in Hashimoto's patients, a risk factor for thyroid cancer, are noted.
Conclusions:
- A significant association exists between thyroid autoimmunity and thyroid cancer, especially PTC.
- The precise impact of thyroid autoimmunity on cancer characteristics and prognosis requires further large-scale prospective investigation.
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