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Effect of silage from a new brachytic corn hybrid with a high harvest index on feeding behavior and performance of lactating dairy cows.

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Metabolic enhancers supporting 1-carbon cycle affect sperm functionality: an in vitro comparative study.

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Supporting the 1-carbon cycle (1-CC) and N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC) supplementation improve sperm function. These treatments enhance mitochondrial membrane potential and reduce reactive oxygen species (ROS) in mammalian sperm.

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Biology
  • Biochemistry
  • Spermatozoa Physiology

Background:

  • Spermatozoa are vulnerable to oxidative stress, impacting their function.
  • Key antioxidants like hypotaurine and glutathione depend on cysteine availability.
  • Cysteine synthesis is linked to the 1-carbon cycle (1-CC).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of 1-carbon cycle (1-CC) supporting compounds and N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC) on sperm functionality.
  • To evaluate the impact on mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨM) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in human, bovine, and ascidian spermatozoa.

Main Methods:

  • Incubation of spermatozoa with a 1-CC supporting treatment (TRT) or NAC.
  • Comparison with control groups (CNTRL) incubated with medium alone.
  • Assessment of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨM), ROS production (H₂DCFDA, 2-OH Ethidium), and intracellular pH (pHᵢ) at 90 and 180 minutes.

Main Results:

  • Both TRT and NAC significantly increased ΔΨM in human and bovine spermatozoa compared to controls.
  • ROS production varied by species; bovine TRT group showed decreased ROS at 2-OH Ethidium.
  • Intracellular pH (pHᵢ) remained largely unaffected, except in ascidian sperm where NAC lowered pHᵢ, reversed by NaHCO₃ buffering.

Conclusions:

  • Supplementation supporting the 1-carbon cycle (1-CC) and N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC) alone enhance mammalian sperm kinetics, ΔΨM, and ROS production.
  • Demonstrates direct in vitro effects of these compounds on sperm functionality.
  • Highlights the role of 1-CC in maintaining sperm health under oxidative stress.