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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 6, 2026

A Novel Method for Involving Women of Color at High Risk for Preterm Birth in Research Priority Setting
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Preterm Birth Update.

Byron C Calhoun1

  • 1American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists and the American College of Surgeons, and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at West Virginia University.

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|August 8, 2018
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Induced abortions before first pregnancy increase preterm birth risk. Multiple abortions significantly elevate this risk, demonstrating a dose-related effect and substantial associated healthcare costs.

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Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Preterm birth and low birth weight are significant global health issues, causing millions of deaths and disability-adjusted life years annually.
  • The low birth weight delivery rate in the U.S. has been rising, reaching a 30-year high in 2002.
  • Previous research suggests a link between abortion history and preterm birth risk.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the association between induced abortions prior to first pregnancy and the risk of preterm birth.
  • To investigate the dose-related effect of abortion history on preterm birth rates.
  • To estimate the economic impact of abortion-related prematurity on healthcare costs.

Main Methods:

  • A meta-analysis of studies examining abortion and preterm birth was reviewed.
  • Odds ratios were calculated to quantify the increased risk of preterm birth associated with abortion history.
  • Healthcare costs associated with prematurity were estimated.

Main Results:

  • A history of one induced abortion was associated with a 35% increased risk of preterm birth (OR 1.35).
  • More than two induced abortions increased preterm birth risk by 72% (OR 1.72), indicating a dose-response relationship.
  • Annual U.S. hospitalization costs for prematurity linked to abortion exceed $1.2 billion.

Conclusions:

  • Induced abortions prior to first pregnancy are associated with a significantly increased risk of preterm birth.
  • The risk of preterm birth escalates with an increasing number of prior induced abortions.
  • Abortion-related prematurity imposes a substantial financial burden on the U.S. healthcare system.