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Related Concept Videos

Patient-centered Care01:13

Patient-centered Care

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Patient-centered care involves delivering care beyond inpatient hospitalization. Reflective practice can enhance a patient-centered approach. Reflective practice is a process of reasoning that considers all aspects of the present situation, including practicalities, learning from personal practice, and consideration of patient needs. Patients appreciate care decisions made while considering their input. Involving the patient in their care provides the patient with a sense of contribution rather...
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Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients01:15

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Elderly individuals encompass a diverse population with varying degrees of age-related physiological changes. Defining the elderly presents challenges, as the geriatric population is often arbitrarily categorized as individuals older than 65. However, many individuals in this group lead active and healthy lives, with an increasing number surpassing 85 years and falling into the older elderly category. Physiological changes associated with aging impact performance capacity and homeostatic...
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In the United States, obesity is a prominent concern. It is linked to heightened mortality rates due to increased occurrences of conditions such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, and diabetes compared to nonobese individuals. A patient is classified as obese if their actual body weight surpasses the ideal or desirable body weight by 20%, based on Metropolitan Life Insurance Company data. Ideal body weights consider average weights and heights for males and females...
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Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age01:27

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Age-related pharmacokinetic changes are extensively documented, but understanding age-related pharmacodynamic alterations is relatively limited. This knowledge gap can be partly attributed to the complexity of developing appropriate measures of drug responses compared to bioanalytical methods for determining drug concentrations.Most information regarding age-related differences in human pharmacodynamics originates from cross-sectional studies. However, these studies assume that observed mean...
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Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion01:26

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In pediatric medicine, understanding the renal function and drug elimination nuances is crucial for administering safe and effective treatments. Newborns, in particular, display markedly slower renal functions than adults, profoundly affecting how drugs are cleared from their bodies. This slower drug clearance requires clinicians to extend the dosing intervals for many medications to prevent drug accumulation and toxicity while ensuring therapeutic efficacy.One key area where these adjustments...
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Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Distribution01:17

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Drug distribution in the pediatric population exhibits unique challenges and considerations due to the physiological differences between children, particularly neonates and infants, and adults. A crucial aspect of pediatric pharmacology is understanding how these differences impact the pharmacokinetics of various drugs, necessitating age-specific dosing strategies to ensure efficacy and safety.Neonates and infants have a higher total body water content, ~75%–90% of their body weight,...
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3D-Neuronavigation In Vivo Through a Patient's Brain During a Spontaneous Migraine Headache
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Patient with a Subarachnoid Headache.

Ethan T Montemayor1, Brit Long2, James A Pfaff2

  • 1Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts.

Clinical Practice and Cases in Emergency Medicine
|August 8, 2018
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Summary

Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), a dangerous cause of headache, requires careful diagnosis. A case highlights the fatal risks of missed SAH, emphasizing evolving diagnostic strategies and shared decision-making.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Medical Diagnostics
  • Risk Management

Background:

  • Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) presents as a life-threatening headache.
  • Diagnostic protocols for SAH, including computed tomography and lumbar puncture, are under scrutiny.
  • Evolving diagnostic approaches necessitate a re-evaluation of established medical practices.

Observation:

  • A critical case involving a missed SAH diagnosis led to a fatal outcome.
  • This case underscores the potential for diagnostic errors in managing SAH.
  • The complexity of SAH diagnosis necessitates careful consideration of all available strategies.

Findings:

  • The diagnostic pathway for SAH is not always straightforward.
  • Missed SAH diagnoses can have severe, life-threatening consequences.
  • Patient outcomes are influenced by the accuracy and timeliness of SAH diagnosis.

Implications:

  • Shared decision-making is crucial when multiple diagnostic strategies exist.
  • Medical and legal ramifications of SAH diagnosis require thorough discussion.
  • Improving SAH diagnostic accuracy is vital for patient safety and risk management.