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Related Concept Videos

Mitral Valve Prolapse I: Introduction01:27

Mitral Valve Prolapse I: Introduction

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IntroductionThe mitral valve, one of the heart's four valves, regulates blood flow. These valves have flaps that open and close to direct blood properly through the heart and body. During each heartbeat, the flaps open for blood to pass through and seal shut to prevent backflow. Specifically, the mitral valve opens to allow blood flow from the heart's upper left chamber to the lower left chamber. It then closes securely as the lower left chamber contracts to pump blood to the body, preventing...
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Mitral Valve Prolapse II: Assessment and Management01:22

Mitral Valve Prolapse II: Assessment and Management

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IntroductionA range of clinical features characterizes Mitral Valve Prolapse (MVP), but it is important to note that many individuals with MVP are asymptomatic and may remain so throughout their lives. For those who do exhibit symptoms, the following are the key clinical features:Palpitations: This is a common symptom where individuals feel an irregular or rapid heartbeat. Palpitations in MVP are often due to arrhythmias such as premature ventricular contractions or supraventricular...
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Mitral Valve Prolapse III: Nursing Management01:19

Mitral Valve Prolapse III: Nursing Management

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The nursing management of Mitral Valve Prolapse, or MVP, centers around patient education, symptom monitoring, and lifestyle modifications.Patient Education on MVP Diagnosis and Heredity: Nurses should provide comprehensive education about MVP, a condition where the mitral valve does not close appropriately during heartbeats. This education often includes the condition's pathophysiology, symptoms, and potential complications, like arrhythmias or mitral regurgitation. Though not fully...
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Heart Valves01:16

Heart Valves

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The human heart is a complex organ with an intricate system of valves that regulate blood flow. There are two main types of valves: atrioventricular (AV) valves and semilunar valves.
The AV valves prevent the backflow of blood from the ventricles to the atria during ventricular contraction. These valves function with the assistance of the chordae tendineae and papillary muscles. When the ventricles are relaxed, the chordae tendineae are slack, allowing blood to flow from the atria into the...
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Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction01:22

Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction

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Mitral Valve Stenosis (MVS) is a heart condition where the mitral valve narrows, impeding blood circulation from the left atrium to the left ventricle. The etiology and pathophysiology of this condition are multifaceted, leading to a cascade of cardiovascular complications.Causes of Mitral Valve StenosisRheumatic Heart Disease: It is the main cause of mitral valve stenosis, particularly in developing nations. This condition arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory illness resulting from...
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Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction01:20

Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction

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Mitral regurgitation is characterized by the backward circulation of blood from the left ventricle to the left atrium during systole, a phase of the cardiac cycle when the heart contracts and pumps blood out of the chambers. This abnormal flow occurs primarily due to the dysfunction of the mitral valve or its supporting structures, which include the mitral leaflets, chordae tendineae, annulus, and papillary muscles.Etiology and Mechanisms:Primary Mitral Regurgitation: This type arises from...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 6, 2026

An Image Guided Transapical Mitral Valve Leaflet Puncture Model of Controlled Volume Overload from Mitral Regurgitation in the Rat
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Advances in Mitral Valve Surgery.

Sabine Meier1, Joerg Seeburger1, Michael A Borger2

  • 1Department of Cardiac Surgery, Leipzig Heart Center, University of Leipzig, Struempellstrasse 39, 04289, Leipzig, Germany.

Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine
|August 8, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Mitral regurgitation (MR) treatment varies by type. Primary MR has successful surgical repair, but secondary MR treatment remains challenging, driving innovation in surgical and transcatheter approaches.

Keywords:
MV surgeryMitral valve insufficiencySecondary MRValvular heart disease

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Optimized Protocol for the Extraction of Proteins from the Human Mitral Valve
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Optimized Protocol for the Extraction of Proteins from the Human Mitral Valve
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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Surgery
  • Interventional Cardiology

Background:

  • Mitral regurgitation (MR), encompassing primary and secondary types, significantly contributes to patient morbidity and mortality.
  • Degenerative MR is prevalent in industrialized nations, with a growing incidence of secondary MR.
  • Significant advancements in mitral valve (MV) surgery, particularly reconstructive techniques, have been made since the 1970s.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of current surgical treatment options for primary and secondary MR.
  • To highlight novel surgical and transcatheter developments for MR management.
  • To address the ongoing controversy and evolving strategies for secondary MR treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current surgical techniques for primary and secondary MR.
  • Analysis of advancements in minimally invasive approaches and transcatheter technologies.
  • Discussion of treatment strategies for high-risk patients managed by multidisciplinary heart teams.

Main Results:

  • Modern MV repair techniques, including minimally invasive options, achieve >97% reconstruction rates for primary MR in high-volume centers.
  • Established high-quality results exist for primary MR treatment, unlike secondary MR where repair outcomes are often disappointing.
  • There is a renewed interest in MV replacement surgery for secondary MR, alongside the development of new techniques, particularly transcatheter approaches for high-risk patients.

Conclusions:

  • Primary MR has a clear treatment strategy with excellent surgical outcomes.
  • Optimal treatment for secondary MR remains controversial, necessitating further research and innovation.
  • New surgical and transcatheter technologies offer promising, less invasive options, especially for high-risk patients with MR.