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Membrane-enclosed structures called vesicles transport proteins and lipids across the cell. The vesicles derive their cargo from the plasma membrane, Golgi, ER, or endosome. Coated vesicles are spherical, protein-coated carriers with a 50–100 nm diameter that mediate bidirectional transport between the ER and the Golgi. The distribution of proteins between the ER and Golgi complex is dynamic and is maintained by different coated vesicles. Their formation is driven by the assembly of...
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DNA-only transposons are called autonomous transposons since they code for the enzyme transposase that is required for the transposition mechanism. Insertion of transposons can alter gene functions in multiple ways. They can mutate the gene, alter gene expression by introducing a novel promoter or insulator sequence, introduce new splice sites, and change the mRNA transcripts produced, or remodel chromatin structure.
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A Femtoliter Droplet Array for Massively Parallel Protein Synthesis from Single DNA Molecules
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A Femtoliter Droplet Array for Massively Parallel Protein Synthesis from Single DNA Molecules

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DNA-Coated Functional Oil Droplets.

Alessio Caciagli1, Mykolas Zupkauskas1, Aviad Levin2

  • 1Optoelectronics Group, Cavendish Laboratory , University of Cambridge , J. J. Thomson Avenue , Cambridge CB3 0HE , U.K.

Langmuir : the ACS Journal of Surfaces and Colloids
|August 9, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a scalable DNA-coating method for oil-in-water emulsions using block copolymers. This technique enables dense DNA functionalization, creating advanced soft materials for diverse applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Soft Matter Physics
  • Colloid Science
  • Materials Chemistry

Background:

  • Oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions are crucial in industrial soft materials.
  • DNA is a versatile agent for creating responsive and specific binding in colloidal systems.
  • Existing DNA-functionalization methods for emulsions suffer from low coating density and high cost.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a general, scalable, and efficient method for DNA-coating O/W emulsions.
  • To demonstrate the versatility of the method across different oils and droplet sizes.
  • To explore novel applications of DNA-functionalized emulsions in soft matter.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized functional nonionic amphiphilic block copolymers with azide-terminated poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) ends.
  • Employed strain-promoted alkyne-azide click chemistry for dense DNA coupling.
  • Produced functional droplets using ultrasonication, microfluidics, and membrane emulsification with hexadecane and silicone oil.

Main Results:

  • Achieved efficient, dense, and controlled DNA coupling onto emulsion droplets.
  • Demonstrated successful production of functional droplets in various size ranges (submicron to >50 μm).
  • Showcased the formation of thermoreversible emulsion gels, hierarchical "raspberry" droplets, and controlled surface release.

Conclusions:

  • The presented DNA-coating method is general, scalable, and cost-effective.
  • This technique significantly advances the functionalization of soft colloids.
  • Opens new avenues for soft matter, biotechnology, and industrial applications.