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Harvesting Murine Alveolar Macrophages and Evaluating Cellular Activation Induced by Polyanhydride Nanoparticles
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Transcriptome of porcine alveolar macrophages activated by interferon-gamma and lipopolysaccharide

Qiang Liu1, Yong-Li Zhang1, Wei Hu1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China.

Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
|August 9, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs) activated by interferon gamma (IFN-γ) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) show significant gene expression changes, enhancing immune responses against viruses like porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV).

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology
  • Virology

Background:

  • Porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs) are crucial immune cells influenced by their microenvironment, including inflammatory cytokines like interferon gamma (IFN-γ) and microbial products like lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
  • Previous research demonstrated that M1-polarized PAMs (activated by IFN-γ and LPS) can inhibit porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) replication.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively analyze gene expression profiles during the polarization of resting M0-type PAMs to M1 phenotypes.
  • To identify key genes and pathways involved in M1 polarization and their role in immune modulation.

Main Methods:

  • Gene expression profiling of M0-type PAMs versus M1-type PAMs (activated by IFN-γ and LPS).
  • Bioinformatic analysis to identify differentially expressed genes and enriched pathways.

Main Results:

  • 1551 genes were upregulated and 1823 genes were downregulated in M1-type PAMs compared to M0-type PAMs.
  • Key genes like ASS1 (upregulated) and CRTAM (downregulated) were identified.
  • Significant upregulation of genes involved in cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, JAK/STAT signaling, antigen presentation (immunoproteasome subunits), and host restriction factors.

Conclusions:

  • PAM polarization to an M1 phenotype involves substantial molecular changes that enhance cellular activation and immune defense mechanisms.
  • Upregulated genes related to immune signaling and viral restriction highlight the critical role of M1 PAMs in combating viral infections like PRRSV.
  • These findings provide valuable insights into PAM polarization's role in modulating host-pathogen interactions and infection outcomes.
Keywords:
Host restriction factorImmunoproteasomeInterferon gammaLipopolysaccharidePorcine alveolar macrophagesRNA sequencing

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