Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Classifying Matter by Composition03:35

Classifying Matter by Composition

90.7K
Matter: Pure Substances and Mixtures
According to its composition, the matter can be classified into two broad categories — pure substances and mixtures. 
A pure substance is a form of matter that has a constant composition throughout with uniform properties. For example, any sample of sucrose has the same composition and same physical properties, such as melting point, color, and sweetness, regardless of the source from which it is isolated. 
A mixture is composed of two or...
90.7K
Inhaled Medications01:23

Inhaled Medications

806
Inhaled medications are crucial for managing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma. They are essential for effective treatment and control, ensuring optimal respiratory health and well-being. Inhaled medication delivers drugs directly to the lungs, providing a rapid onset of action and reducing systemic side effects compared to oral or injectable medications. Three primary types of inhalation devices are used to administer these medications: nebulizers, metered-dose inhalers...
806
Reaction Mechanisms03:06

Reaction Mechanisms

30.9K
Chemical reactions often occur in a stepwise fashion, involving two or more distinct reactions taking place in a sequence. A balanced equation indicates the reacting species and the product species, but it reveals no details about how the reaction occurs at the molecular level. The reaction mechanism (or reaction path) provides details regarding the precise, step-by-step process by which a reaction occurs.
For instance, the decomposition of ozone appears to follow a mechanism with two steps:
30.9K
Composite Bodies00:55

Composite Bodies

1.4K
A composite body is a body made up of multiple parts, connected to form a larger, unified object. Each part has its own weight and center of gravity, which must be considered to determine the center of gravity of the composite body. In cases where the density or specific weight is constant, the center of gravity coincides with the centroid.
Composite bodies have widespread applications in mechanical engineering, from automobiles to aircraft to rockets. For example, an automobile wheel comprises...
1.4K
Composition of Blood01:22

Composition of Blood

12.4K
The blood in our bodies comprises three major components: blood plasma, formed elements, and the extracellular matrix. Blood plasma is a yellowish fluid that constitutes 55% of the total blood volume. It is primarily made up of water and essential substances such as electrolytes and proteins. Blood plasma serves as a medium for transporting blood cells and also contains nutrients, enzymes, hormones, antibodies, and gases.
Formed elements constitute the remaining 45% of the blood volume. These...
12.4K
Composition of Body Fluids01:29

Composition of Body Fluids

2.6K
Water functions as a solvent accommodating various solutes, which can be categorized under electrolytes and non-electrolytes. Non-electrolytes are usually held together by covalent bonds, restricting them from dissociating in solution, thereby leading to a lack of electrically charged components upon dissolving in water. They are predominantly organic molecules, such as glucose, creatinine, and urea. Electrolytes, on the other hand, are compounds that can break down into ions in water.
2.6K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Development of BMX siRNA lipid nanoparticles using novel ionizable and cleavable lipids discovered through AI and experimentation for cancer therapy.

International journal of pharmaceutics·2025
Same author

Advanced hybrid computational analysis of febuxostat solubility using machine learning in supercritical processing method.

Scientific reports·2025
Same author

Correction: Dual targeting multiwalled carbon nanotubes for improved neratinib delivery in breast cancer.

RSC advances·2025
Same author

Theoretical investigations on analysis and optimization of freeze drying of pharmaceutical powder using machine learning modeling of temperature distribution.

Scientific reports·2025
Same author

Advanced modeling of pharmaceutical solubility in solvents using artificial intelligence techniques: assessment of drug candidate for nanonization processing.

Frontiers in medicine·2024
Same author

Strategies to improve the stability of amorphous solid dispersions in view of the hot melt extrusion (HME) method.

International journal of pharmaceutics·2023

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 6, 2026

Ultrasonic Welding of Thermoplastic Composite Coupons for Mechanical Characterization of Welded Joints through Single Lap Shear Testing
08:40

Ultrasonic Welding of Thermoplastic Composite Coupons for Mechanical Characterization of Welded Joints through Single Lap Shear Testing

Published on: February 11, 2016

12.1K

Medicated Chewing Gums (MCGs): Composition, Production, and Mechanical Testing.

Turki Al Hagbani1,2, Sami Nazzal3,4

  • 1College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, Louisiana, 71201, USA.

AAPS Pharmscitech
|August 9, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Medicated chewing gums (MCGs) offer unique drug delivery advantages but face formulation and manufacturing challenges. This review details MCG composition, production, and mechanical property testing for improved quality control.

Keywords:
chewinessgum compositiongum productionmechanical propertiesmedicated chewing gumtextural analysis

More Related Videos

A Testing Platform for Durability Studies of Polymers and Fiber-reinforced Polymer Composites under Concurrent Hygrothermo-mechanical Stimuli
07:15

A Testing Platform for Durability Studies of Polymers and Fiber-reinforced Polymer Composites under Concurrent Hygrothermo-mechanical Stimuli

Published on: December 11, 2014

14.2K
Production and Testing of Moisture Behavior and Thermal Properties of Rapeseed Straw and Ganoderma resinaceum Mycelium Bio-Composites
09:39

Production and Testing of Moisture Behavior and Thermal Properties of Rapeseed Straw and Ganoderma resinaceum Mycelium Bio-Composites

Published on: September 5, 2025

717

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 6, 2026

Ultrasonic Welding of Thermoplastic Composite Coupons for Mechanical Characterization of Welded Joints through Single Lap Shear Testing
08:40

Ultrasonic Welding of Thermoplastic Composite Coupons for Mechanical Characterization of Welded Joints through Single Lap Shear Testing

Published on: February 11, 2016

12.1K
A Testing Platform for Durability Studies of Polymers and Fiber-reinforced Polymer Composites under Concurrent Hygrothermo-mechanical Stimuli
07:15

A Testing Platform for Durability Studies of Polymers and Fiber-reinforced Polymer Composites under Concurrent Hygrothermo-mechanical Stimuli

Published on: December 11, 2014

14.2K
Production and Testing of Moisture Behavior and Thermal Properties of Rapeseed Straw and Ganoderma resinaceum Mycelium Bio-Composites
09:39

Production and Testing of Moisture Behavior and Thermal Properties of Rapeseed Straw and Ganoderma resinaceum Mycelium Bio-Composites

Published on: September 5, 2025

717

Area of Science:

  • Pharmaceutical Sciences
  • Drug Delivery Systems
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Medicated chewing gums (MCGs) are solid dosage forms for drug delivery, incorporating active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) into a gum base.
  • Despite potential benefits, MCGs are niche products due to complex formulation, manufacturing, and a lack of standardized testing methods.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of medicated chewing gum composition, manufacturing processes, and characterization techniques.
  • To highlight the importance and available methods for evaluating the mechanical and textural properties of MCGs.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on gum composition, manufacturing, and characterization.
  • Emphasis on in vitro testing methods for mechanical properties like chewiness, elasticity, and firmness.
  • Analysis of available performance tests and procedures for MCG evaluation.

Main Results:

  • MCGs require specific gum bases and non-masticatory ingredients for optimal drug delivery.
  • Manufacturing and formulation complexity present significant challenges to widespread adoption.
  • Several in vitro tests exist for assessing crucial mechanical properties, though pharmacopeial recommendations are limited.

Conclusions:

  • Standardized testing, particularly for mechanical properties, is crucial for advancing MCG technology.
  • Understanding the correlation between gum composition, mechanical attributes, and mouthfeel is key to improving MCG quality and patient acceptance.