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Preventable deaths within Brazil's Public Health System in a population from 5 to 69 years old, 2000 - 2013
Deborah Carvalho Malta1, Rafaela Magalhães Fernandes Saltarelli2, Rogério Ruscitto do Prado3
1Escola de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
Objectives:
To analyze the mortality trend in the Brazilian population aged between 5 and 69 years old, using the "Brazilian List of Causes of Preventable Deaths".
Methods:
This is an ecological study that uses a time-series analysis of the standardized mortality rate for preventable and unpreventable causes in the period from 2000 to 2013, with corrections for ill-defined causes and the under-reporting of informed deaths.
Results:
There was a decline in the mortality rate in the Brazilian population aged 5 to 69 due to preventable causes (1.6% per year) and unpreventable causes (1.4% per year), in addition to a decrease among all of the groups of causes of preventable deaths in the period from 2000 - 2013. The study draws attention to the increase in deaths from specific causes such as pneumonia (1.9% per year) and transportation accidents (0.6% per year), as well the stability in the number of deaths from aggression and intentional self-harm. Deaths from noncommunicable diseases fell by 2.2% per year and were highest in the age group of 60 - 69 years old in 2013 (209.9/100,000 inhabitants for ischemic heart disease deaths, 157.2/100,000 inhabitants for cerebrovascular diseases and 116.8/100,000 inhabitants for diabetes).
Conclusion:
The rates of preventable deaths are still high, especially for noncommunicable diseases and external causes. These causes of death are sensitive to health promotion interventions and, therefore, this study reinforces the need to remain focused on these causes of illness and death, as well as their risk factors.