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Not only static: Stabilization manoeuvres in dynamic exercises - A pilot study.

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Summary

Abdominal bracing (AB) activates superficial trunk muscles more, while abdominal hollowing (AH) engages deep abdominal muscles more effectively during core strengthening exercises. This distinction is crucial for designing targeted lumbar spine stabilization programs.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Exercise Physiology
  • Rehabilitation Science

Background:

  • Trunk muscle activation patterns vary with stabilization techniques.
  • Understanding these differences is key for effective exercise prescription, especially for individuals with lower back pain (LBP).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare trunk muscle electrical activity during static and dynamic exercises using abdominal bracing (AB) and abdominal hollowing (AH) stabilization maneuvers.
  • To investigate the influence of these maneuvers on muscle activation in young adults with and without LBP history.

Main Methods:

  • Electromyography (EMG) was used to record activity from rectus abdominal (RA), external oblique (EO), internal oblique (IO), and erector spinae (ES) muscles.
  • Participants performed plank, side-bridge, and curl-up exercises with both AB and AH maneuvers.

Main Results:

  • Abdominal bracing (AB) showed significantly higher rectus abdominal (RA) activity in static side-bridge exercises compared to abdominal hollowing (AH).
  • During dynamic curl-ups, AB led to greater RA activation, while AH resulted in higher internal oblique (IO) muscle activity.
  • Findings suggest AB preferentially activates superficial muscles, whereas AH targets deeper abdominal muscles.

Conclusions:

  • Abdominal hollowing (AH) may be more beneficial for activating deep core stabilizers, potentially aiding individuals with lumbar instability.
  • Practitioners can utilize these findings to tailor exercise interventions for specific trunk muscle engagement and LBP management.