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Infantile Tuberculous Meningitis Complicated by West Syndrome
Sumeet R Dhawan1, Jitendra K Sahu1, Naveen Sankhyan1
1Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.
Journal of Pediatric Neurosciences
|August 10, 2018
Summary
Tuberculous meningitis is a rare cause of West syndrome, often leading to difficult-to-treat epilepsy. This study details three infants with tuberculous meningitis, stroke, and tuberculoma who developed West syndrome.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Infectious Diseases
- Pediatrics
Background:
- Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is a severe infection of the central nervous system.
- West syndrome is an epilepsy syndrome characterized by infantile spasms, hypsarrhythmia, and developmental delay.
- TBM is an uncommon cause of West syndrome.
Observation:
- Three infants with TBM were observed.
- These infants experienced complications including stroke and paradoxical tuberculoma.
- All three infants subsequently developed West syndrome.
Findings:
- Tuberculous meningitis can lead to severe neurological complications such as stroke and paradoxical tuberculoma.
- These complications in infants with TBM are associated with the development of West syndrome.
- This highlights a rare but significant pathway to refractory epilepsy in young children.
Implications:
- Understanding the link between TBM complications and West syndrome is crucial for early diagnosis and management.
- This case series emphasizes the need for vigilance in pediatric neurology for TBM-related epilepsy.
- Further research may elucidate specific mechanisms linking TBM, stroke, tuberculoma, and infantile spasms.
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