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Infantile Tuberculous Meningitis Complicated by West Syndrome

Sumeet R Dhawan1, Jitendra K Sahu1, Naveen Sankhyan1

  • 1Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.

Journal of Pediatric Neurosciences
|August 10, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Tuberculous meningitis is a rare cause of West syndrome, often leading to difficult-to-treat epilepsy. This study details three infants with tuberculous meningitis, stroke, and tuberculoma who developed West syndrome.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is a severe infection of the central nervous system.
  • West syndrome is an epilepsy syndrome characterized by infantile spasms, hypsarrhythmia, and developmental delay.
  • TBM is an uncommon cause of West syndrome.

Observation:

  • Three infants with TBM were observed.
  • These infants experienced complications including stroke and paradoxical tuberculoma.
  • All three infants subsequently developed West syndrome.

Findings:

  • Tuberculous meningitis can lead to severe neurological complications such as stroke and paradoxical tuberculoma.
  • These complications in infants with TBM are associated with the development of West syndrome.
  • This highlights a rare but significant pathway to refractory epilepsy in young children.

Implications:

  • Understanding the link between TBM complications and West syndrome is crucial for early diagnosis and management.
  • This case series emphasizes the need for vigilance in pediatric neurology for TBM-related epilepsy.
  • Further research may elucidate specific mechanisms linking TBM, stroke, tuberculoma, and infantile spasms.
Keywords:
Chronic meningitisinfantile spasmmeningeal tuberculosisparadoxical tuberculomarefractory epilepsy

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