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Movement joints in buildings are essential design elements that accommodate inevitable motions caused by various factors such as temperature changes, moisture content variations, and structural deflections. These motions, if not considered in design and construction, can lead to unsightly or dangerous damage. Movement joints are incorporated in different forms to manage these stresses and allow materials to move without causing distress.
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Amodal Volume Completion and the Thin Building Illusion.

Vebjørn Ekroll1, Kathleen Mertens2, Johan Wagemans2

  • 1Laboratory of Experimental Psychology, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Belgium; Department of Psychosocial Science, University of Bergen, Norway.

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Summary

Visual perception of a triangular pillar changes dramatically with viewing angle, appearing as a plane or rectangle. This demonstrates the visual system

Keywords:
3D shape perceptionamodal volume completioncognitive impenetrabilitymagicperceptual organizationsymmetry

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Area of Science:

  • Visual perception
  • Cognitive psychology
  • 3D shape reconstruction

Background:

  • The human visual system interprets 2D projections into 3D percepts.
  • Ambiguous visual stimuli can lead to multiple interpretations of object shape.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how viewing angle influences the three-dimensional (3D) perception of a pillar with a triangular base.
  • To explore the role of visual system biases, such as rectangularity preference, in 3D shape determination.

Main Methods:

  • Participants observed a physical pillar with a triangular base from various vantage points.
  • Judgments of the perceived 3D shape were collected and analyzed.
  • Interobserver variability in shape judgments was assessed.

Main Results:

  • The pillar was perceived as a thin plane from some angles and as having a rectangular base from others.
  • The strength of the perceived 3D shape and amodal completion varied with vantage point.
  • Illusory perceptions persisted even when observers knew the true shape.

Conclusions:

  • The visual system's preference for rectangularity or symmetry influences 3D shape interpretation.
  • Vantage point significantly affects the compellingness of amodal completion and the definiteness of perceived shape.
  • This phenomenon, related to visual illusions, has applications in art and magic.