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Language Dominance Affects Bilingual Performance and Processing Outcomes in Adulthood.

Eloi Puig-Mayenco1, Ian Cunnings1, Fatih Bayram2

  • 1School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom.

Frontiers in Psychology
|August 11, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Language dominance impacts bilinguals' linguistic skills. Maintaining first language (L1) dominance aids in preserving target-like language behaviors, as shown in Spanish-Catalan bilingual children.

Keywords:
Catalan/SpanishDifferential Object MarkingNegative Concord Itemsearly bilingualslanguage dominance

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Area of Science:

  • Linguistics
  • Psycholinguistics
  • Bilingualism Research

Background:

  • Early bilingualism research often focuses on L1 or L2 development in isolation.
  • Studies typically immerse child L2 learners in their second language environment.
  • The role of language dominance (LD) in early bilingual linguistic outcomes requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the influence of language dominance on linguistic competence in early bilingual children.
  • To compare Catalan and Spanish linguistic structures in L1 Spanish-L2 Catalan and L1 Catalan-L2 Spanish bilinguals.
  • To investigate how L1 dominance affects the maintenance of target-like linguistic structures.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of linguistic structures in two groups of early bilingual children in Catalonia.
  • Examination of Sentential Negation (SN) with Negative Concord Items (NCI) in Catalan.
  • Analysis of Differential Object Marking (DOM) in Spanish.

Main Results:

  • Bilingual children maintaining dominance in their first language (L1) showed better retention of target-like linguistic behaviors.
  • Language dominance was found to be a significant factor in linguistic competence outcomes.
  • Specific linguistic phenomena (SN, NCI, DOM) reflected the influence of L1 dominance.

Conclusions:

  • First language dominance plays a crucial role in the linguistic development and maintenance of early bilinguals.
  • Understanding language dominance is essential for comprehending bilingual linguistic competence.
  • The findings highlight the importance of L1 maintenance in bilingual education and research.