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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 6, 2026

Quantitating Iron Transport Across the Mouse Placenta In Vivo Using Nonradioactive Iron Isotopes
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The human iron-proteome.

Claudia Andreini1, Valeria Putignano, Antonio Rosato

  • 1Magnetic Resonance Center, University of Florence, Via Luigi Sacconi 6, Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy. banci@cerm.unifi.it.

Metallomics : Integrated Biometal Science
|August 11, 2018
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Iron proteins are crucial for human cellular functions, with 2% of human genes encoding them. These proteins, vital for catalysis and cellular processes, are linked to various pathologies.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Bioinformatics
  • Human Proteomics

Background:

  • Iron-proteins are essential across all kingdoms of life for diverse functional processes.
  • Understanding the human iron-protein repertoire is key to comprehending cellular iron metabolism and function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively investigate the human iron-protein portfolio using a bioinformatics approach.
  • To categorize iron-proteins based on their metal-containing cofactors and analyze their functional and cellular distribution.

Main Methods:

  • Bioinformatic analysis of the human proteome.
  • Classification of iron-proteins into individual iron ions, heme cofactors, and iron-sulfur clusters.
  • Analysis of protein function, cellular localization, and association with pathologies.

Main Results:

  • Approximately 2% of human genes encode iron-proteins, with 48% being heme-binding proteins, 35% binding individual iron ions, and 17% containing iron-sulfur clusters.
  • Over half of human iron-proteins are catalytic, with 6.5% of all human enzymes being iron-dependent, particularly oxidoreductases (37%).
  • Iron-proteins are unevenly distributed, enriched in mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum, and their genes are more frequently associated with pathologies.

Conclusions:

  • This study provides an extensive overview of iron utilization in the human proteome.
  • Iron ions play critical physiological roles in human cells, influencing enzymatic activity, cellular localization, and disease association.