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Basophil Activation Test for Allergy Diagnosis
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Immunotherapy for house-dust mite allergy.

Harold S Nelson

    Allergy and Asthma Proceedings
    |August 11, 2018
    PubMed
    Summary

    House dust mite (HDM) immunotherapy, including subcutaneous (SCIT) and sublingual (SLIT) tablet treatments, is effective for allergic rhinitis and asthma. Newer SLIT tablets show clear efficacy and safety, with potential for disease modification.

    Area of Science:

    • Allergy and Immunology
    • Immunotherapy
    • Respiratory Medicine

    Background:

    • House dust mite (HDM) allergy immunotherapy has evolved since the 1960s, with early trials showing mixed results due to methodological limitations.
    • Previous reviews highlighted inconsistencies in dose, sample size, and outcome measures for HDM immunotherapy.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review recent, well-designed studies on HDM immunotherapy, focusing on sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) and novel SLIT tablets.
    • To evaluate efficacy, safety, optimal duration, disease modification potential, and adjuvant use in HDM immunotherapy.

    Main Methods:

    • Systematic review of randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials published since 2013.
    • Analysis of studies investigating two specific HDM SLIT tablets, alongside other immunotherapy aspects.

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    Main Results:

    • Fifteen trials established the efficacy and safety of two HDM SLIT tablets for allergic rhinitis and asthma.
    • Evidence supports 3-5 years of HDM immunotherapy for sustained benefits and disease modification.
    • Adjuvant therapies like vitamin D and probiotics may enhance treatment efficacy.

    Conclusions:

    • Both HDM subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) and SLIT-tablet therapy are effective for allergic rhinitis and asthma.
    • HDM immunotherapy demonstrates disease modification and requires 3-5 years for lasting effects.
    • While optimal dosing for SLIT-liquid is less established, it shows potential efficacy.