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Allergic sensitization and clinical outcomes in urban children with asthma, 2013-2016

Sairaman Nagarajan1, Sabina Ahmad1, Markus Quinn1

  • 1From the Department of Pediatrics, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York.

Allergy and Asthma Proceedings
|August 11, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Allergen sensitization in children with asthma is linked to older age and poorer lung function. Monitoring sensitization and pulmonary function tests (PFTs) is crucial for managing pediatric asthma.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Allergy and Immunology
  • Respiratory Medicine
  • Clinical Immunology

Background:

  • Investigating the association between food/aeroallergen sensitization and asthma severity.
  • Evaluating pulmonary function tests (PFTs) and laboratory markers in sensitized children.
  • Understanding the impact of allergic sensitization on pediatric asthma outcomes.

Observation:

  • 386 children with asthma were categorized into allergic and nonallergic groups based on allergen-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) testing.
  • Key metrics included asthma control, IgE levels, eosinophil counts, and PFTs (FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC).
  • Subgroup analysis focused on highly allergic children (≥4 allergens).

Findings:

  • Allergic children (291/386) were older with significantly higher IgE levels and eosinophil counts (p < 0.001).
  • Highly allergic children (203/386) exhibited worse PFT obstruction.
  • Older age predicted allergic sensitization (OR 1.54), and PFT obstruction correlated with multiple allergen sensitization (OR 0.97).

Implications:

  • Increasing age is a predictor of allergic and multiple allergen sensitization in asthmatic children.
  • Pulmonary function test obstruction is associated with multiple allergen sensitization.
  • Ongoing monitoring of aeroallergen sensitization and PFTs is recommended for effective asthma management, especially in older urban children.
Abstract

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