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Peak Ventilation Reference Standards from Exercise Testing: From the FRIEND Registry.

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This study establishes reference standards for peak ventilation (V˙Epeak) from cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPX) in healthy US adults. These findings aid in interpreting CPX results for individuals with pulmonary conditions.

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Area of Science:

  • Exercise Physiology
  • Pulmonary Medicine
  • Clinical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPX) is crucial for assessing pulmonary disease.
  • Peak ventilation (V˙Epeak) from CPX has diagnostic and prognostic value.
  • Establishing reference standards for V˙Epeak is essential for accurate interpretation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide reference standards for V˙Epeak derived from treadmill CPX in apparently healthy US individuals.
  • To establish age- and sex-specific percentiles for V˙Epeak.
  • To develop prediction equations for V˙Epeak.

Main Methods:

  • Data from 5232 maximal exercise tests were collected from nine US laboratories (2014-2017).
  • Participants were healthy men and women aged 20-79 years.
  • Percentiles and prediction equations for V˙Epeak were developed using descriptive information and validated.

Main Results:

  • V˙Epeak differed significantly between sexes and across age groups (P < 0.05).
  • V˙Epeak declined by 8.0% per decade in both men and women.
  • Sex, age, and height were significant predictors of V˙Epeak (r = 0.73); forced expiratory volume in 1 s also predicted V˙Epeak (r = 0.73).

Conclusions:

  • Reference standards for V˙Epeak were developed for the US population.
  • CPX laboratories can use these age- and sex-specific percentiles for interpretation.
  • Non-exercise prediction equations incorporating sex, age, height, or FEV1 are available for V˙Epeak estimation.