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Related Concept Videos

Bone Formation by Intramembranous Ossification01:29

Bone Formation by Intramembranous Ossification

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Intramembranous ossification is one of the two processes involved in the development of bones within an embryo. The flat bones of the face, most of the cranial bones, and the clavicles are formed via this process. During intramembranous ossification, the bones develop directly from sheets of undifferentiated mesenchymal connective tissue.
The process begins when mesenchymal cells in the embryonic skeleton gather together and differentiate into osteogenic cells, which then develop into ...
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Bone Formation by Endochondral Ossification01:24

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Bone formation, or ossification, begins around the sixth to seventh week of embryonic development. Most bones develop from a cartilaginous template through the process of endochondral ossification. Cartilage formation begins when clusters of mesenchymal cells differentiate into chondrocytes. These chondrocytes proliferate rapidly and secrete an extracellular matrix that becomes encased in a membrane called the perichondrium. The resulting cartilage model provides a template that resembles the...
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Mesenchymal Stem Cells01:19

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Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult stem cells that can differentiate into most connective tissue cell types, except for hematopoietic cells, depending upon the source of MSCs. For example, bone-marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) can differentiate into osteocytes, hepatocytes, and pancreatic and neuronal cells. MSCs can be isolated from various sources such as bone marrow, placenta, adipose tissue, teeth, and Wharton’s jelly, a gelatinous substance in the umbilical cord. The ease of their...
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Bone Cells and Tissue01:30

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Bones contain a relatively small number of cells entrenched in a matrix of organic and inorganic components. Although bone cells compose only a small amount of the bone volume, they are crucial to its function. Four types of cells are found within the bone tissue— osteoblasts, osteocytes, osteogenic cells, and osteoclasts.
Osteoblasts and Osteocytes
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Bone Structure01:55

Bone Structure

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Within the skeletal system, the structure of a bone, or osseous tissue, can be exemplified in a long bone, like the femur, where there are two types of osseous tissue: cortical and cancellous.
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Bone Remodeling01:40

Bone Remodeling

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Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
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Mesenchymal Stem Cell Migration during Bone Formation and Bone Diseases Therapy.

Peihong Su1,2,3, Ye Tian4,5,6, Chaofei Yang7,8,9

  • 1Lab for Bone Metabolism, Key Lab for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China. suph@mail.nwpu.edu.cn.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|August 12, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Enhancing mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) migration is crucial for bone regeneration and treating diseases like osteoporosis. Focusing on MSC migration, not just differentiation, offers a novel therapeutic approach for bone repair and reversing bone loss.

Keywords:
bone diseasesbone formationmesenchymal stem cellsmigrationtherapy

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Stem Cell Biology

Background:

  • Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are vital for bone formation, remodeling, and fracture repair through differentiation into chondrocytes or osteoblasts.
  • While MSC differentiation has been extensively studied for bone disease treatment, MSC migration is an equally critical factor.
  • Abnormal MSC migration is implicated in bone diseases such as osteoporosis, and effective treatment requires directed MSC migration to injury sites.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the significance of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) migration in bone formation and disease treatment.
  • To explore the potential of enhancing MSC migration as a therapeutic strategy for bone diseases.
  • To review current research trends focusing on improving MSC migration for enhanced bone disease therapy.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) biology and bone regeneration.
  • Analysis of the role of MSC migration in bone modeling, remodeling, and fracture healing.
  • Examination of therapeutic strategies aimed at enhancing MSC migration for bone disease treatment.

Main Results:

  • MSC migration is a key factor in bone formation and regeneration, alongside differentiation.
  • Enhancing MSC migration shows promise in treating bone loss conditions like osteoporosis, fractures, and osteoarthritis.
  • Strategies to improve MSC migration are emerging as a significant trend in future bone disease therapies.

Conclusions:

  • Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) migration is a critical, yet often overlooked, aspect of bone regeneration and disease treatment.
  • Targeting and enhancing MSC migration offers a novel therapeutic avenue for various bone pathologies.
  • Future research should focus on developing effective strategies to improve MSC migration for better clinical outcomes in bone diseases.