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Subtalar Joint Biomechanics: From Normal to Pathologic
Adam Sangeorzan1, Bruce Sangeorzan2
1Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, Harborview Medical Center, University of Washington, Box 359798, 325 9th Avenue, Seattle, WA 98104, USA.
Abstract:
Subtalar joint biomechanics are primarily driven by the shape of the articulations with contributions from the surrounding soft tissues. The joint motion occurs about a single axis oriented medially and superiorly. Joint contact forces change during different stages of gait and are affected by hindfoot alignment and traumatic alterations to their normal anatomy. A valgus subtalar joint axis is likely a contributing, and perhaps primary, risk factor for progression to adult acquired flat foot. The subtalar joint axis also contributes to the clinical picture of a cavus foot and a special subset of patients with dynamic varus.
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