Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 6, 2026

Efficiently Recording the Eye-Hand Coordination to Incoordination Spectrum
Published on: March 21, 2019
Visual tracking behaviour of two-handed catching in boys with developmental coordination disorder
Melissa K Licari1, Jess E Reynolds1, Stephen Tidman1
1School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
Insights
Children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) show altered visual tracking during catching, with more frequent, shorter fixations and delayed smooth pursuit initiation. These visual processing differences impact movement organization and speed.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Developmental Psychology
- Motor Control
Background:
- Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) is a motor learning disability impacting age-appropriate movement skills.
- Visuomotor control deficits are suspected contributors to DCD-related movement difficulties.
Purpose of the Study:
- Investigate visual tracking behavior during the task of catching in children diagnosed with DCD.
- Compare visuomotor control strategies between children with and without DCD.
Main Methods:
- Study included 24 boys (11 with DCD, 13 controls), aged 9.16-9.43 years.
- Participants completed 10 central catching trials, with the best five analyzed for tracking and motor responses.
Main Results:
- Children with DCD exhibited more frequent, shorter visual fixations before ball release.
- The DCD group showed delayed smooth pursuit initiation during ball flight but maintained pursuit effectively once initiated.
- Movement time was significantly slower in the DCD group, though movement initiation time was unaffected.
Conclusions:
- Catching performance in children with DCD is influenced by difficulties in visual attention and movement organization.
- Findings highlight the role of visuomotor processing in DCD and suggest targets for intervention.
Background:
Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) is a motor learning disability that affects coordination resulting in an inability to perform movement skills at an age appropriate level. One area suspected to contribute to the movement difficulties experienced are deficits in visuomotor control.
Aims:
This study investigated visual tracking behaviour during catching in children with DCD.
Methods And Procedures:
Twenty-four boys completed the study: 11 with DCD (9.43 years ±0.73) and 13 controls (9.16 years ± 0.68). Participants performed 10 central catching trials, with the best five used to evaluate tracking behaviour and motor responses.
Outcomes And Results:
Prior to ball release, the DCD group exhibited more fixations (p = 0.043) of lesser duration (p = 0.045). During flight, the DCD group took longer to initiate smooth pursuit (p = 0.003) however, once initiated, both groups were effectively able to maintain smooth pursuit. Despite initial delays, these had no impact on movement initiation time (p = 0.173), however, movement time was significantly slower in the DCD group (p = 0.031).
Conclusions And Implications:
The results of this study demonstrate that catching performance in children with DCD likely reflect a combination of errors in attending to visual information and movement organisation.
Related Concept Videos
Coordination Number and Geometry
Coordination Compounds and Nomenclature
Lattice Centering and Coordination Number
Types of Unit Cells
Imagine taking a large number of identical...
Equations of Motion: Rectangular Coordinates and Cylindrical Coordinates
When a particle moves relative to an inertial frame, the equations of motion can be expressed using rectangular components. If the motion is confined to the x-y plane, the equations having the x and y coordinates only can be used to simplify the mathematical representation.
However, when particles...
Hand hygiene
Hand washing...
Introduction to Developmental Psychology

